Highly concentrated low viscosity masp-2 inhibitory antibody formulations, kits, and methods

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to stable, high-concentration low-viscosity formulations of MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies, kits comprising the formulations and therapeutic methods using the formulations and kits for inhibiting the adverse effects of MASP-2 dependent complement activation.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of pending U.S. application Ser. No.15/691,266, filed Aug. 30, 2017, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/382,156, filed Aug. 31, 2016. Each of theforegoing related applications is incorporated herein by reference inits entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to stable, high-concentrationlow-viscosity formulations of MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies, kitscomprising the formulations and therapeutic methods using theformulations and kits for inhibiting the adverse effects of MASP-2dependent complement activation.

STATEMENT REGARDING SEQUENCE LISTING

The sequence listing associated with this application is provided in XMLformat in lieu of a paper copy and is hereby incorporated by referenceinto the specification. The name of the XML file containing the sequencelisting is: MP_1_0261_US2_Sequence Listing_20230329_ST26.xml. The XMLfile is 13,367 bytes; was created on Mar. 29, 2023; and is beingsubmitted via the Patent Center with the filing of the specification. Areplacement Sequence Listing was filed to correct an error in the newlycreated ST.26 sequence listing, originally filed with the specificationon Feb. 28, 2023. No substantive changes were made to the sequencelisting and no new matter has been added to the application.

BACKGROUND

Antibody-based therapy is usually administered on a regular basis andoften requires several mg/kg dosing by injection. A preferred form ofdelivery for treating chronic conditions is outpatient administration ofhigh-dose monoclonal antibodies (several mg per kg) via subcutaneous(SC) injection (Stockwin and Holmes, Expert Opin Biol Ther 3:1133-1152(2003); Shire et al., J Pharm Sci 93:1390-1402 (2004)). Highlyconcentrated pharmaceutical formulations of a therapeutic antibody aredesirable because they allow lower volume administration and/or feweradministrations which consequently mean less discomfort to the patient.Additionally, such lower volumes allow packaging of the therapeuticdoses of a monoclonal antibody in individual single-dose, pre-filledsyringes for self-administration. SC delivery via pre-filled syringe orauto-injector technology allows for home administration and improvedpatient compliance of drug administration.

However, the development of a formulation with a high proteinconcentration poses challenges related to the physical and chemicalstability of the protein, as well as difficulty with manufacture,storage and delivery of the protein formulation (see e.g., Wang et al.,J of Pharm Sci vol 96(1):1-26, (2007)). A challenge in the developmentof high protein concentration formulations is concentration-dependentsolution viscosity. At a given protein concentration, viscosity variesdramatically as a function of the formulation. In particular, monoclonalantibodies are known to exhibit peculiar and diverseviscosity-concentration profiles that reveal a sharp exponentialincrease in solution viscosity with increasing monoclonal antibodyconcentration (see e.g., Connolly B. D. et al., Biophysical Journal vol103:69-78, (2012)). Another challenge with liquid formulations at highmonoclonal antibody concentration is protein physical stability (Alfordet al., J. Pharm Sci 97:3005-3021 (2008); Salinas et al., J Pharm Sci99:82-93 (2010); Sukumar et al., Pharm Res 21:1087-1093 (2004)).Therefore, the high viscosity of monoclonal antibody pharmaceuticalformulations at high concentrations together with the potential fordecreased stability can impede their development as products suitablefor subcutaneous and/or intravenous delivery.

The complement system plays a role in the inflammatory response andbecomes activated as a result of tissue damage or microbial infection.Complement activation must be tightly regulated to ensure selectivetargeting of invading microorganisms and avoid self-inflicted damage(Ricklin et al., Nat. Immunol. 11:785-797, 2010). Currently, it iswidely accepted that the complement system can be activated throughthree distinct pathways: the classical pathway, the lectin pathway, andthe alternative pathway. The classical pathway is usually triggered by acomplex composed of host antibodies bound to a foreign particle (i.e.,an antigen) and generally requires prior exposure to an antigen for thegeneration of a specific antibody response. Since activation of theclassical pathway depends on a prior adaptive immune response by thehost, the classical pathway is part of the acquired immune system. Incontrast, both the lectin and alternative pathways are independent ofadaptive immunity and are part of the innate immune system.

Mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP-2) has beenshown to be required for the function of the lectin pathway, one of theprincipal complement activation pathways (Vorup-Jensen et al., J.Immunol 165:2093-2100, 2000; Ambrus et al., J Immunol. 170:1374-1382,2003; Schwaeble et al., PNAS 108:7523-7528, 2011). Importantly,inhibition of MASP-2 does not appear to interfere with theantibody-dependent classical complement activation pathway, which is acritical component of the acquired immune response to infection. Asdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,011,860 (assigned to Omeros corporation),which is hereby incorporated by reference, OMS646, a fully humanmonoclonal antibody targeting human MASP-2 has been generated whichbinds to human MASP-2 with high affinity and blocks the lectin pathwaycomplement activity and is therefore useful to treat various lectincomplement pathway-associated diseases and disorders.

As further described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,919,094, 8,840,893, 8,652,477,8,951,522, 9,011,860; 9,644,035, U.S. Patent Application PublicationNos. US2013/0344073, US2013/0266560, US 2015/0166675; US2017/0189525;and co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 15/476,154, 15/347,434,15/470,647, 62/315,857, 62/275,025 and 62/527,926 (each of which isassigned to Omeros Corporation, the assignee of the instant application,each of which is hereby incorporated by reference), MASP-2-dependentcomplement activation has been implicated as contributing to thepathogenesis of numerous acute and chronic disease states. Therefore, aneed exists for a stable, high-concentration, low-viscosity formulationof a MASP-2 monoclonal antibody that is suitable for parenteral (e.g.,subcutaneous) administration, for treatment of subject suffering fromMASP-2 complement pathway-associated diseases and disorders.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a stable pharmaceuticalformulation suitable for parenteral administration to a mammaliansubject, comprising: (a) an aqueous solution comprising a buffer systemhaving a pH of 5.0 to 7.0; and (b) a monoclonal antibody or fragmentthereof that specifically binds to human MASP-2 at a concentration ofabout 50 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL, wherein said antibody or fragmentthereof comprises (i) a heavy chain variable region comprising CDR-H1,CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 of SEQ ID NO:2 and (ii) a light chain variable regioncomprising CDR-L1, CDR-L2 and CDR-L3 of SEQ ID NO:3, or a variantthereof comprising a heavy chain variable region having at least 95%identity to SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chain variable region having atleast 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:3; wherein the formulation has aviscosity of between 2 and 50 centipoise (cP), and wherein theformulation is stable when stored at between 2° C. and 8° C. for atleast one month. In some embodiments, the concentration of the antibodyin the formulation is from about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL. In someembodiments, the viscosity of the formulation less than 25 cP. In someembodiments, the buffering system comprises histidine. In someembodiments, the buffering system comprises citrate. In someembodiments, the formulation further comprises an excipient, such as atonicity modifying agent in a sufficient amount for the formulation tobe hypertonic. In some embodiments, the formulation further comprises asurfactant. In some embodiments, the formulation further comprises ahyaluronidase enzyme in an amount effective to increase the dispersionand/or absorption of the antibody following subcutaneous administration.

In another aspect, the formulation is contained within a subcutaneousadministration device, such as a pre-filled syringe.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a kit comprising apre-filled container containing the formulation.

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceuticalcomposition for use in treating a patient suffering from, or at risk fordeveloping a MASP-2-dependent disease or condition, wherein thecomposition is a sterile, single-use dosage form comprising from about350 mg to about 400 mg (i.e., 350 mg, 360 mg, 370 mg, 380 mg, 390 mg, or400 mg) of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody, wherein the composition comprisesabout 1.8 mL to about 2.2 mL (i.e., 1.8 mL, 1.9 mL, 2.0 mL, 2.1 mL or2.2 mL) of a 185 mg/mL antibody formulation, such as disclosed herein,wherein said antibody or fragment thereof comprises (i) a heavy chainvariable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ IDNO:2 and (ii) a light chain variable region comprising the amino acidsequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3; and wherein the formulation is stablewhen stored at between 2° C. and 8° C. for at least six months. In someembodiments, the MASP-2 dependent disease or condition is selected fromthe group consisting of aHUS, HSCT-TMA, IgAN and Lupus Nephritis (LN).

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treatinga subject suffering from a disease or disorder amenable to treatmentwith a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody comprising administering theformulation comprising a MASP-2 antibody, as disclosed herein.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of thisinvention will become more readily appreciated as the same become betterunderstood by reference to the following detailed description, whentaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1A graphically illustrates the amount of lectin pathway-dependentmembrane attack complex (MAC) deposition in the presence of differentamounts of human MASP-2 monoclonal antibody (OMS646), demonstrating thatOMS646 inhibits lectin-mediated MAC deposition with an IC₅₀ value ofapproximately 1 nM, as described in Example 1;

FIG. 1B graphically illustrates the amount of classicalpathway-dependent MAC deposition in the presence of different amounts ofhuman MASP-2 monoclonal antibody (OMS646), demonstrating that OMS646does not inhibit classical pathway-mediated MAC deposition, as describedin Example 1;

FIG. 1C graphically illustrates the amount of alternativepathway-dependent MAC deposition in the presence of human MASP-2monoclonal antibody (OMS646), demonstrating that OMS646 does not inhibitalternative pathway-mediated MAC deposition, as described in Example 1;

FIG. 2A graphically illustrates the results for Dynamic Light Scattering(DLS) analysis for OMS646 formulation excipient screening, showing theoverall particle diameter observed for formulations containing variouscandidate excipients, as described in Example 2;

FIG. 2B graphically illustrates the results for DLS analysis for OMS646formulation excipient screening, showing the overall polydispersityobserved for formulations containing various candidate excipients, asdescribed in Example 2;

FIG. 3 graphically illustrates the results of viscosity analysis of arange of OMS646 concentrations in various formulations as measured at pH5.0 and pH 6.0, as described in Example 2;

FIG. 4 graphically illustrates the percent protein recovery followingbuffer-exchange for the OMS646 solubility/viscosity study with variouscandidate formulations, as described in Example 2;

FIG. 5 graphically illustrates the viscosity (as determined byexponential fit of the viscosity data) versus protein concentration forthe OMS646 solubility/viscosity study with various candidateformulations, as described in Example 2;

FIG. 6 graphically illustrates the protein concentration-normalizedviscosity data for the viscosity study with various candidate OMS646formulations, as described in Example 2;

FIG. 7A graphically illustrates the average load (lbf) of threecandidate OMS646 formulations in a syringeability study using 27 GA(1.25″), 25GA (1″) and 25GA thin-walled (1″) needles as described inExample 3; and

FIG. 7B graphically illustrates the maximum load (lbf) of threecandidate OMS646 formulations in a syringeability study using 27 GA(1.25″), 25GA (1″) and 25GA thin-walled (1″) needles as described inExample 3.

DESCRIPTION OF THE SEQUENCE LISTING

SEQ ID NO:1 human MASP-2 protein (mature)

SEQ ID NO:2: OMS646 heavy chain variable region (VH) polypeptide

SEQ ID NO:3: OMS646 light chain variable region (VL) polypeptide

SEQ ID NO:4: OMS646 heavy chain IgG4 mutated heavy chain full lengthpolypeptide

SEQ ID NO:5: OMS646 light chain full length polypeptide

SEQ ID NO:6: DNA encoding OMS646 full length heavy chain polypeptide

SEQ ID NO:7: DNA encoding OMS646 full length light chain polypeptide.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION I. Definitions

Unless specifically defined herein, all terms used herein have the samemeaning as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art ofthe present invention. The following definitions are provided in orderto provide clarity with respect to the terms as they are used in thespecification and claims to describe the present invention.

Standard techniques may be used for recombinant DNA, oligonucleotidesynthesis, and tissue culture and transformation (e.g., electroporation,lipofection). Enzymatic reactions and purification techniques may beperformed according to manufacturer's specifications or as commonlyaccomplished in the art or as described herein. These and relatedtechniques and procedures may be generally performed according toconventional methods well known in the art and as described in variousgeneral and more specific references that are cited and discussedthroughout the present specification. See e.g., Sambrook et al., 2001,MOLECULAR CLONING: A LABORATORY MANUAL, 3d ed., Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.; Current Protocols inMolecular Biology (Greene Publ. Assoc. Inc. & John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,NY, NY); Current Protocols in Immunology (Edited by: John E. Coligan,Ada M. Kruisbeek, David H. Margulies, Ethan M. Shevach, Warren Strober2001 John Wiley & Sons, NY, NY); or other relevant Current Protocolpublications and other like references. Unless specific definitions areprovided, the nomenclature utilized in connection with, and thelaboratory procedures and techniques of, molecular biology, analyticalchemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and medicinal and pharmaceuticalchemistry described herein are those well known and commonly used in theart. Standard techniques may be used for recombinant technology,molecular biological, microbiological, chemical syntheses, chemicalanalyses, pharmaceutical preparation, formulation, and delivery, andtreatment of patients.

The term “pharmaceutical formulation” refers to a preparation that is insuch form as to permit the biological activity of the active agent(e.g., MASP-2 inhibitory antibody) to be effective for treatment, andwhich contains no additional components that are unacceptably toxic to asubject in which the formulation would be administered. Suchformulations are sterile. In one embodiment, the pharmaceuticalformulation is suitable for parenteral administration, such assubcutaneous administration.

The term “MASP-2” refers to mannan-binding lectin-associated serineprotease-2. Human MASP-2 protein (mature) is set forth as SEQ ID NO:1.

The term “MASP-2-dependent complement activation” comprisesMASP-2-dependent activation of the lectin pathway, which occurs underphysiological conditions (i.e., in the presence of Ca⁺⁺) leading to theformation of the lectin pathway C3 convertase C4b2a and uponaccumulation of the C3 cleavage product C3b subsequently to the C5convertase C4b2a(C3b)n.

The term “lectin pathway” refers to complement activation that occursvia the specific binding of serum and non-serum carbohydrate-bindingproteins including mannan-binding lectin (MBL), CL-11 and the ficolins(H-ficolin, M-ficolin, or L-ficolin).

The term “classical pathway” refers to complement activation that istriggered by an antibody bound to a foreign particle and requiresbinding of the recognition molecule C1q.

The term “MASP-2 inhibitory antibody” refers to an antibody, or antigenbinding fragment thereof, that binds to MASP-2 and effectively inhibitsMASP-2-dependent complement activation (e.g., OMS646). MASP-2 inhibitoryantibodies useful in the method of the invention may reduceMASP-2-dependent complement activation by greater than 20%, such asgreater than 30%, or greater than 40%, or greater than 50%, or greaterthan 60%, or greater than 70%, or greater than 80%, or greater than 90%,or greater than 95%.

The term “OMS646 monoclonal antibody” refers to a monoclonal antibodycomprising CDR-H1, CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 of the heavy chain variable regionamino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and comprising CDR-L1,CDR-L2 and CDR-L3 of the light chain variable region amino acid sequenceset forth in SEQ ID NO:3. This particular antibody is an example of aMASP-2 inhibitory antibody that specifically binds to MASP-2 andinhibits MASP-2 dependent complement activation.

A “monoclonal antibody” refers to a homogeneous antibody populationwherein the monoclonal antibody is comprised of amino acids (naturallyoccurring and non-naturally occurring) that are involved in theselective binding of an epitope. Monoclonal antibodies are highlyspecific for the target antigen. The term “monoclonal antibody”encompasses not only intact monoclonal antibodies and full-lengthmonoclonal antibodies, but also fragments thereof (such as Fab, Fab′,F(ab′)₂, Fv), single chain (scFv), variants thereof, fusion proteinscomprising an antigen-binding portion, humanized monoclonal antibodies,chimeric monoclonal antibodies, and any other modified configuration ofthe immunoglobulin molecule that comprises an antigen-binding fragment(epitope recognition site) of the required specificity and the abilityto bind to an epitope. It is not intended to be limited as regards thesource of the antibody or the manner in which it is made (e.g., byhybridoma, phage selection, recombinant expression, transgenic animals,etc.). The term includes whole immunoglobulins as well as the fragmentsetc. described above under the definition of “antibody”.

The term “antibody fragment” refers to a portion derived from or relatedto a full-length antibody, such as, for example, a MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody, generally including the antigen binding or variable regionthereof. Illustrative examples of antibody fragments include Fab, Fab′,F(ab)₂, F(ab′)₂ and Fv fragments, scFv fragments, diabodies, linearantibodies, single-chain antibody molecules and multispecific antibodiesformed from antibody fragments.

As used herein, a “single-chain Fv” or “scFv” antibody fragmentcomprises the V_(H) and V_(L) domains of an antibody, wherein thesedomains are present in a single polypeptide chain. Generally, the Fvpolypeptide further comprises a polypeptide linker between the V_(H) andV_(L) domains, which enables the scFv to form the desired structure forantigen binding.

The term “CDR region” or “CDR” is intended to indicate the hypervariableregions of the heavy and light chains of the immunoglobulin as definedby Kabat et al., 1991 (Kabat, E. A. et al., (1991) Sequences of Proteinsof Immunological Interest, 5th Edition and later editions. An antibodytypically contains 3 heavy chain CDRs and 3 light chain CDRs. The termCDR or CDRs is used here in order to indicate, according to the case,one of these regions, or several, or even the whole, of these regionswhich contain the majority of the amino acid residues responsible forthe binding by affinity of the antibody for the antigen of the epitopewhich it recognizes.

The term “specific binding” refers to the ability of an antibody topreferentially bind to a particular analyte that is present in ahomogeneous mixture of different analytes. In certain embodiments, aspecific binding interaction will discriminate between desirable andundesirable analytes in a sample, in some embodiments more than about 10to 100-fold or more (e.g., more than about 1000- or 10,000-fold). Incertain embodiments, the affinity between a capture agent and analytewhen they are specifically bound in a capture agent/analyte complex ischaracterized by a K_(D) (dissociation constant) of less than about 100nM, or less than about 50 nM, or less than about 25 nM, or less thanabout 10 nM, or less than about 5 nM, or less than about 1 nM.

The term “isolated antibody” refers to an antibody that has beenidentified and separated and/or recovered and/or purified from acomponent of its natural environment or cell culture expression system.In preferred embodiments, the antibody will be purified (1) to greaterthan 95% by weight of antibody and most preferably more than 99% byweight; as determined by a suitable method to measure proteinconcentration, such as, for example, the Lowry method, or absorbance atOD280, (2) to a degree sufficient to obtain at least 15 residues ofN-terminal or internal amino acid sequence by use of a spinning cupsequenator; or (3) to homogeneity by SDS-PAGE under reducing ornon-reducing conditions using Coomassie blue or, preferably, silverstain. Typically an isolated antibody for use in the formulationsdisclosed herein will be prepared by at least one purification step.

As used herein, the amino acid residues are abbreviated as follows:alanine (Ala;A), asparagine (Asn;N), aspartic acid (Asp;D), arginine(Arg;R), cysteine (Cys;C), glutamic acid (Glu;E), glutamine (Gln;Q),glycine (Gly;G), histidine (Hush), isoleucine (Ilia), leucine (Lull),lysine (Lys;K), methionine (Met;M), phenylalanine (Phe;F), proline(Pro;P), serine (Ser;S), threonine (Thr;T), tryptophan (Trp;W), tyrosine(Tyr;Y), and valine (Val;V).

In the broadest sense, the naturally occurring amino acids can bedivided into groups based upon the chemical characteristic of the sidechain of the respective amino acids. By “hydrophobic” amino acid ismeant either Ile, Leu, Met, Phe, Trp, Tyr, Val, Ala, Cys or Pro. By“hydrophilic” amino acid is meant either Gly, Asn, Gln, Ser, Thr, Asp,Glu, Lys, Arg or His. This grouping of amino acids can be furthersubclassed as follows. By “uncharged hydrophilic” amino acid is meanteither Ser, Thr, Asn or Gln. By “acidic” amino acid is meant either Gluor Asp. By “basic” amino acid is meant either Lys, Arg or His.

As used herein the term “conservative amino acid substitution” isillustrated by a substitution among amino acids within each of thefollowing groups: (1) glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, and isoleucine,(2) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, (3) serine and threonine,(4) aspartate and glutamate, (5) glutamine and asparagine, and (6)lysine, arginine and histidine.

As used herein, “a subject” includes all mammals, including withoutlimitation, humans, non-human primates, dogs, cats, horses, sheep,goats, cows, rabbits, pigs and rodents.

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable” with respect to an excipient in apharmaceutical formulation means that the excipient is suitable foradministration to a human subject.

The term “subcutaneous administration” refers to administration of aformulation under all layers of the skin of a subject.

The term “buffer” refers to a buffered solution that resists changes inpH by the action of its acid-base conjugate components. The buffer ofthis invention has a pH in the range from about 4 to about 8; preferablyfrom about 5 to about 7; and most preferably has a pH in the range fromabout 5.5 to about 6.5. Examples of buffers that will control the pH inthis range include acetate (e.g., sodium acetate), succinate (such assodium succinate), gluconate, histidine, citrate, and other organic acidbuffers. A “buffering agent” is a compound that is used to producebuffered solutions.

The term “histidine” specifically includes L-histidine unless otherwisespecified.

The term “isotonic” refers to a formulation that has essentially thesame osmotic pressure as human blood. Isotonic formulations willgenerally have an osmotic pressure from about 250 to about 350mOsmol/KgH₂O. Isotonicity can be measured using a vapor pressure orfreezing point depression osmometer, for example.

The term “hypertonic” refers to a formulation with an osmotic pressureabove that of human (i.e., greater than 350 mOsm/KgH₂O).

The term “tonicity modifying agent” refers to a pharmaceuticallyacceptable agent suitable to provide an isotonic, or in someembodiments, a hypertonic formulation.

The term “sterile” refers to a pharmaceutical product that is ascepticor free of viable bacteria, fungi or other microorganisms, which can beachieved by any suitable means, such as, for example, a formulation thathas been aseptically processed and filled, or filtered through sterilefiltration membranes, prior to, or following, preparation of theformulation and filled.

The term “stable formulation” refers to maintenance of the startinglevel of purity of a formulation over a period of time. In other words,if a formulation is at least 95% pure, such as at least 96% pure, atleast 97% pure, at least 98% pure or at least 99% pure with respect to agiven antibody species (e.g., MASP-2 inhibitory antibody) at time 0,stability is a measure of how well and for how long the formulationretains substantially this level of purity (e.g., without formation ofother species, such as fragmented portions (LMW) or aggregates of thepure species (HMW)). A formulation is stable if the level of purity doesnot decrease substantially when stored at approximately 2-8° C. over agiven period of time, such as at least 6 months, at least 9 months, atleast 12 months, or at least 24 months. By “not decrease substantially,”is meant that the level of purity of the formulation changes by lessthan 5%, such as by less than 4%, or by less than 3%, or by less than 2%or by less than 1% per time period (e.g., over 6 months, over 9 monthsor over 12 months or over 24 months). In one embodiment, a stableformulation is stable at a temperature of from 2-8° C. for a period ofat least six months. In a preferred embodiment, a stable formulation isstable at a temperature of from 2-8° C. for a period of at least oneyear, or for a period of at least two years. In one embodiment, theformulation is stable if the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody remains at least95% monomeric during storage at 2° C. to 8° C. for at least one month,or for at least six months, or for at least 12 months, as determined bySEC-HPLC.

The term “preservative” refers to a compound which can be included in aformulation to essentially reduce bacterial growth or contamination.Non-limiting examples of potential preservatives includeoctadecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, hexamethonium chloride,benzalkonium chloride (a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammoniumchlorides in which the alkyl groups are long-chain compounds), andbenzethonium chloride. Other types of preservatives include aromaticalcohols such as phenol, butyl and benzyl alcohol, alkyl parabens suchas methyl or propyl paraben, catechol, resorcinol, cyclohexanol,3-pentanol, and m-cresol.

The term “excipient” refers to an inert substance in a formulation whichimparts a beneficial physical property to a formulation such asincreased protein stability and/or decreased viscosity. Examples ofsuitable excipients include, but are not limited to, proteins (e.g.,serum albumin), amino acids (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysinearginine, glycine and histidine), saccharides (e.g., glucose, sucrose,maltose and trehalose), polyols (e.g., mannitol and sorbitol), fattyacids and phospholipids (e.g., alkyl sulfonates and caprylate).

The term “substantially free” means that either no substance is presentor only minimal, trace amounts of the substance are present which do nothave any substantial impact on the properties of the composition. Ifreference is made to no amount of a substance, it should be understoodas “no detectable amount.”

The term “viscosity” refers to the measure of the resistance of a fluidwhich is being deformed by either shear stress or tensile stress; it canbe evaluated using a viscometer (e.g., a rolling ball viscometer) orrheometer. Unless otherwise indicated, the viscosity measurement(centipoise, cP) is that at about 25° C. with a shear rate in the rangeof 100,000 to 250,000 1/sec.

The term “parenteral administration” refers to a route of administrationother than by way of the intestines and includes injection of a dosageform into the body by a syringe or other mechanical device such as aninfusion pump. Parenteral routes can include intravenous, intramuscular,subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes of administration. Subcutaneousinjection is a preferred route of administration.

The term “treatment” refers to therapeutic treatment and/or prophylacticor preventative measures. Those in need of treatment include thesubjects already having the disease as well as those in which thedisease is to be prevented. Hence, the patient to be treated herein mayhave been diagnosed as having the disease or may be predisposed orsusceptible to the disease.

The term “effective amount” refers to an amount of a substance thatprovides the desired effect. In the case of a pharmaceutical drugsubstance it is the amount of active ingredient effective to treat adisease in the patient. In the case of a formulation ingredient, forexample, a hyaluronidase enzyme, an effective amount is the amountnecessary to increase the dispersion and absorption of theco-administered MASP-2 inhibitory antibody in such a way that the MASP-2inhibitory antibody can act in a therapeutically effective way asoutlined above.

As used herein, the term “about” as used herein is meant to specify thatthe specific value provided may vary to a certain extent, such as avariation in the range of ±10%, preferably ±5%, most preferably ±2% areincluded in the given value. For example, the phrase “a pharmaceuticalformulation having about 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody” isunderstood to mean that the formulation can have from 180 mg/mL to 220mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646). Where ranges arestated, the endpoints are included within the range unless otherwisestated or otherwise evident from the context.

As used herein the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include pluralaspects unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, forexample, reference to “an excipient” includes a plurality of suchexcipients and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art,reference to “an agent” includes one agent, as well as two or moreagents; reference to “an antibody” includes a plurality of suchantibodies and reference to “a framework region” includes reference toone or more framework regions and equivalents thereof known to thoseskilled in the art, and so forth.

Each embodiment in this specification is to be applied mutatis mutandisto every other embodiment unless expressly stated otherwise. It iscontemplated that any embodiment discussed in this specification can beimplemented with respect to any method, kit, reagent, or composition ofthe invention, and vice versa. Furthermore, compositions of theinvention can be used to achieve methods of the invention.

II. Overview of the Invention

The present disclosure provides stable, high-concentration low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody pharmaceutical formulations suitable forparenteral administration (e.g., subcutaneous administration) and alsosuitable for dilution prior to intravenous administration. Highlyconcentrated pharmaceutical formulations of therapeutic antibody aredesirable because they allow lower volume administration and/or feweradministrations, which consequently mean less discomfort to the patient.Additionally, such lower volumes allow packaging of the therapeuticdoses of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody in individual single-dose,pre-filled syringes or vials for self-administration. Thehigh-concentration, low-viscosity formulations of the present disclosurecomprise an aqueous solution comprising a buffer system having a pH of4.0 to 8.0, more preferably having a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0, and aMASP-2 inhibitory monoclonal antibody (e.g., OMS646) or antigen-bindingfragment thereof at a concentration of about 50 mg/mL to about 250mg/mL. In preferred embodiments, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g.,OMS646) is present in the high concentration formulations suitable forsubcutaneous administration at a concentration of from about 100 mg/mLto about 250 mg/mL. In particular embodiments, the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody (e.g., OMS646) is present in the high concentrationformulations at a concentration of from about 150 mg/mL to about 200mg/mL, such as about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL, such as about 185mg/mL.

In various embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulations furthercomprise, in addition to the highly concentration MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody and buffer system, one or more excipients, such as a tonicitymodifying agent (e.g., an amino acid with a charged side chain), andoptionally a non-ionic surfactant. In some embodiments, thepharmaceutical formulations in accordance with this disclosure furthercomprise a hyaluronidase enzyme.

A significant advantage of the highly concentrated pharmaceuticalformulations of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody of the present invention istheir low viscosity at high protein concentrations. As known to thoseskilled in the art, high viscosity of monoclonal antibody pharmaceuticalformulations at concentrations ≥100 mg/mL can impede their developmentas products suitable for subcutaneous and/or intravenous delivery.Therefore, pharmaceutical formulations having lower viscosity are highlydesirable because of their ease of manufacturability, such as but notlimited to processing, filtering, and filling. As described in Examples2 and 3 herein, the formulations of the present disclosure comprisingfrom 100 mg/mL to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody OMS646 havesurprisingly low viscosity, such as a viscosity less than about 50 cP,such as between 2 cP and 50 cP, such as between 2 cP and 40 cP, such asbetween 2 cP and 30 cP, or between 2 cP and 25 cP, or between 2 cP and20 cP, or between 2 cP and 18 cP.

Additionally, the low viscosity, highly concentrated MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody pharmaceutical formulations of the present invention allow thepharmaceutical formulations to be administered via standard syringe andneedles, auto-injector devices, and microinfusion devices known in theart. As described in Example 3, the high concentration low viscosity ofthe MASP-2 inhibitory antibody pharmaceutical formulations as disclosedherein were determined to have syringeability and injectability suitablefor subcutaneous administration. Syringeability and injectability arekey product performance parameters of a pharmaceutical formulationintended for any parenteral administration, e.g., intramuscular orsubcutaneous and permit the administration of such formulations byintramuscular or subcutaneous injection via small-bore needles typicallyused for such injections, such as, for example, 29GA regular orthin-walled, 27GA (1.25″) regular or thin-walled, or 25GA (1″) regularor thin-walled needles. In some instances, the low viscosity of MASP-2inhibitory antibody pharmaceutical formulations as disclosed hereinpermit the administration of an acceptable (for example, 1-3 cc)injected volume while delivering an effective amount of the MASP-2inhibitory antibody OMS646 in a single injection at a single injectionsite.

A further significant advantage of the formulations of the presentdisclosure is that the high concentration low viscosity formulations ofMASP-2 inhibitory antibody (i.e., ≥100 mg/mL to 200 mg/mL) are stablewhen stored at 2° C. to 8° C. for at least 30 days, up to at least 9months, or up to at least 12 months or longer, as described in thestability studies in Examples 2 and 4.

The present disclosure also provides a process for the preparation ofthe high concentration low viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulations, containers including said formulations, therapeutic kitscomprising the formulations; and to therapeutic methods of using suchformulation, containers and kits for the treatment of a subjectsuffering from, or at risk for developing a disease or conditionassociated with MASP-2-dependent complement activation.

MASP-2 Inhibitory Antibody

As detailed herein, the present invention is drawn to formulationscomprising monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to MASP-2 andinhibit MASP-2-dependent complement activation and antigen-bindingfragments thereof. In certain embodiments, a MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyor antigen-binding fragment thereof for use in the claimed formulationsis a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody referred to as “OMS646” as described inWO2012/151481 (hereby incorporated herein by reference) which comprisesa heavy chain polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ IDNO:2 and a light chain polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence ofSEQ ID NO:3. As described in WO2012/151481 and described in Example 1,OMS646 specifically binds to human MASP-2 with high affinity and has theability to block lectin pathway complement activity. In certainembodiments, a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody or antigen-binding fragmentthereof for use in the claimed formulations is a MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody comprising a heavy-chain variable region comprising (i) CDR-H1comprising the amino acid sequence from 31-35 of SEQ ID NO:2, (ii)CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence from 50-65 of SEQ ID NO:2, andiii) CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence from 95-107 of SEQ IDNO:2; and (b) a light-chain variable region comprising: i) CDR-L1comprising the amino acid sequence from 24-34 of SEQ ID NO:3, ii) CDR-L2comprising the amino acid sequence from 50-56 of SEQ ID NO:3, and iii)CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence from 89-97 of SEQ ID NO:3. Insome embodiments, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody for use in the claimedformulations comprises a variant of OMS646 comprising a heavy chainvariable region having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2 andcomprising a light chain variable region having at least 95% identity toSEQ ID NO:3. In some embodiments, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody for usein the claimed formulations comprises a variant of OMS646 comprising anamino acid sequence having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2, whereinresidue 31 is an R, residue 32 is a G, residue 33 is a K, residue 34 isan M, residue 35 is a G, residue 36 is a V, residue 37 is an S, residue50 is an L, residue 51 is an A, residue 52 is an H, residue 53 is an I,residue 54 is an F, residue 55 is an S, residue 56 is an S, residue 57is a D, residue 58 is an E, residue 59 is a K, residue 60 is an S,residue 61 is a Y, residue 62 is an R, residue 63 is a T, residue 64 isan S, residue 65 is an L, residue 66 is a K, residue 67 is an S, residue95 is a Y, residue 96 is a Y, residue 97 is a C, residue 98 is an A,residue 99 is an R, residue 100 is an I, residue 101 is an R, residue102 is an R or A, residue 103 is a G, residue 104 is a G, residue 105 isan I, residue 106 is a D and residue 107 is a Y; and b) a light chainvariable region comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 95%identity to SEQ ID NO:3, wherein residue 23 is an S, residue 24 is a G,residue 25 is an E or D, residue 26 is a K, residue 27 is an L, residue28 is a G, residue 29 is a D, residue 30 is a K, residue 31 is a Y or F,residue 32 is an A, residue 33 is a Y, residue 49 is a Q, residue 50 isa D, residue 51 is a K or N, residue 52 is a Q or K, residue 53 is an R,residue 54 is a P, residue 55 is an S, residue 56 is a G, residue 88 isa Q, residue 89 is an A, residue 90 is a W, residue 91 is a D, residue92 is an S, residue 93 is an S, residue 94 is a T, residue 95 is an A,residue 96 is a V and residue 97 is an F.

In some embodiments, the monoclonal MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g.,OMS646 or a variant thereof) for use in the claimed formulations is afull length monoclonal antibody. In some embodiments, the monoclonalMASP-2 inhibitory antibody is a human IgG4 full length antibody. In someembodiments, the IgG4 comprises a point mutation in the hinge region toenhance the stability of the antibody.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646 or avariant thereof) is comprised of variable regions of human origin fusedto human IgG4 heavy chain and lambda light chain constant regions,wherein the heavy chain comprises a point mutation in the hinge region(e.g., wherein the IgG4 molecule comprises a S228P mutation) to enhancethe stability of the antibody. In some embodiments, the MASP-2inhibitory antibody is a tetramer consisting of two identical heavychains having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:4 and twoidentical light chains having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQID NO:5.

In some embodiments, the concentration of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyin the formulation is from about 100 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL, such asabout 150 mg/ml to about 220 mg/mL, such as about 175 mg/mL to about 200mg/mL, or about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL. In certain embodiments,the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody is present in the formulation at aconcentration of about 175 mg/ml to about 195 mg/ml, such as about 180mg/mL to about 190 mg/mL, such as about 175 mg/mL, such as about 180mg/mL, about 181 mg/mL, about 182 mg/mL, about 183 mg/mL, about 184mg/mL, about 185 mg/mL, about 186 mg/mL, about 187 mg/mL, about 188mg/mL, about 189 mg/mL or such as about 190 mg/mL.

In some embodiments, minor variations in the amino acid sequences of theMASP-2 inhibitory antibodies or fragments thereof are contemplated asbeing encompassed by the claimed formulations, provided that thevariations in the amino acid sequence maintains at least 90%, at least95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequenceidentity to the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies or antigen-bindingfragments thereof described herein (i.e., at least 90%, at least 95%, atleast 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identityto SEQ ID NO:2 and/or at least at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%,at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ IDNO:3) and retain the ability to inhibit MASP-2-dependent complementactivation.

As will be appreciated, MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies or antigen-bindingfragments thereof that are formulated in the context of the presentdisclosure can be produced using techniques well known in the art (e.g.,recombinant technologies, phage display technologies, synthetictechnologies, or combinations of such technologies or other technologiesreadily known in the art). Methods for producing and purifyingantibodies and antigen-binding fragments are well known in the art andcan be found, for example, in Harlow and Lane (1988) Antibodies, ALaboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold SpringHarbor, N.Y., Chapters 5-8 and 15.

For example, MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies, such as OMS646 can beexpressed in a suitable mammalian cell line. Sequences encoding theheavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region of aparticular antibody of interest such as OMS646 (e.g., SEQ ID NO:6 andSEQ ID NO:7) can be used to transform a suitable mammalian host cell.Methods for introducing heterologous polynucleotides into mammaliancells are well known in the art and include dextran-mediatedtransfection, calcium phosphate precipitation, polybrene mediatedtransfection, protoplast fusion, electroporation, encapsulation of thepolynucleotide(s) in liposomes, and direct microinjection of the DNAinto nuclei.

Mammalian cell lines available as hosts for expression are well known inthe art and include many immortalized cell lines available from theAmerican Type Culture Collection (ATCC), including but not limited toChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, HeLa cells, baby hamster kidney (BNK)cells, monkey kidney cells (COS), human hepatocellular carcinoma cells(e.g., HepG2), human epithelial kidney 293 cells (HEK293) and numerousother cell lines.

Following the protein production phase of the cell culture process,MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies are recovered from the cell culture mediumusing techniques understood by one skilled in the art. In particular, insome embodiments the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody heavy and light chainpolypeptides are recovered from the culture medium as secretedpolypeptides.

MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies can be purified using, for example,hydroxyapatite chromatography, gel electrophoresis, dialysis, andaffinity chromatography, and any combination of known or yet to bediscovered purification techniques, including but not limited to ProteinA chromatography, fractionation on an ion-exchange column, ethanolprecipitation, reverse phase HPLC, chromatography on silica,chromatography on heparin SEPHAROSET®, an anion or cation exchange resinchromatography (such as a polyaspartic acid column), chromatofocusing,SDS-PAGE, and ammonium sulfate precipitation. The purification methodcan further comprise additional steps that inactivate and/or removeviruses and/or retroviruses that might potentially be present in thecell culture medium of mammalian cell lines. A significant number ofviral clearance steps are available, including but not limited to,treating with chaotropes such as urea or guanidine, detergents,additional ultrafiltration/diafiltration steps, conventional separation,such as ion-exchange or size exclusion chromatography, pH extremes,heat, proteases, organic solvents or any combination thereof.

The purified MASP-2 inhibitory antibodies typically requireconcentration and a buffer exchange prior to storage or furtherprocessing. As a non-limiting example, a tangential flow filtration(TFF) system may be used to concentrate and exchange the elution bufferfrom the previous purification column with the final buffer desired forthe drug substance.

The monoclonal MASP-2 inhibitory antibody which is formulated herein ispreferably essentially pure and desirably essentially homogeneous (i.e.,free from contaminating proteins, etc.). “Essentially pure” antibodymeans a composition comprising at least 90% by weight of the antibody,based on the total weight of the composition, preferably at least 95% byweight. “Essentially homogenous” antibody means a composition comprisingat least about 99% by weight of antibody, based on total weight of thecomposition.

Aqueous Solutions

The high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulation of the present disclosure comprises an aqueous solutioncomprising a buffer system having a pH of 4.0 to 8.0 (e.g., having a pHfrom about 5.0 to about 7.0, or having a pH from about 5.5 to about 6.5)and a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646 or a variant thereof) orantigen-binding fragment thereof at a concentration of about 50 mg/mL toabout 250 mg/mL (e.g., from about 100 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL). Theaqueous solution for use in the formulations of the present disclosureis one which is pharmaceutically acceptable (safe and non-toxic foradministration to a human) and is useful for the preparation of a liquidformulation. In some embodiments, the aqueous solution is water, such assterile water for injection (WFI), which is a sterile, solute-freepreparation of distilled water. Alternatively, other aqueous solutionsthat are suitable for therapeutic administration and which would notadversely affect the stability of the formulation may be used, such asdeionized water. Other suitable aqueous solutions include bacteriostaticwater for injection (BWFI), sterile saline solution, Ringer's solution,or other similar aqueous solutions used for pharmaceutical solutions.

Buffering Systems

The high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulation of the present disclosure is adjusted to a pH from 4.0 to8.0, preferably from pH 5.0 to 7.0. The desired pH is suitablymaintained by use of a buffering system. In some embodiments, the buffersystem comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable bufferingagent with an acid dissociation constant within 2 pH units of theformulation pH. The buffer system used in the formulations in accordancewith the present invention has a pH in the range from about 4.0 to about8.0. Various buffering agents are known to the person skilled in theart. Examples of buffering agents that will control the pH in this rangeinclude acetate, succinate, gluconate, histidine, citrate, and otherorganic acid buffers. In some embodiments, the buffering agent isselected from the group consisting of succinate, histidine and citrate.In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulations comprise abuffering system with a buffering agent in a concentration of from 1 to50 mM, such as from 10 to 40 mM, or such as from 10 to 30 mM, or from 20to 30 mM, or about 20 mM.

In some embodiments, the buffering agent is a histidine buffer. A“histidine buffer” is a buffer comprising the amino acid histidine.Examples of histidine buffers include histidine or any histidine saltsincluding histidine hydrochloride, histidine acetate, histidinephosphate, and histidine sulfate, including combinations of any of thesesalts with or without histidine. In one embodiment, the buffering systemcomprises histidine hydrochloride buffer (L-Histidine/HCL). Suchhistidine hydrochloride buffer may be prepared by titrating L-histidine(free base, solid) with diluted hydrochloric acid or by using theappropriate mixture of histidine and histidine hydrochloride. In someembodiments, the pH of the L-Histidine/HCl buffer is about 5.0 to about7.0, such as about 5.5 to about 6.0, e.g., about 5.8 or about 5.9.

In some embodiments, the buffering agent is a citrate buffer. Suchcitrate buffer may be prepared by titrating citric acid, the mono-sodiumsalt of citric acid, and/or the di-sodium salt of citric acid withdiluted sodium hydroxide solution to the appropriate pH or by using theappropriate mixture of citric acid and the salt(s) to achieve this samepH. In another embodiment, the citrate buffer may be prepared bytitrating a tri-sodium citrate solution with diluted hydrochloric acidsolution to the appropriate pH. In this case, the ionic strength may beslightly higher than starting with citric acid due to the generation ofadditional ions of sodium and chloride in the solution. In certainembodiments, the pH of the citrate buffer is about 5.0 to about 7.0,such as about 5.5 to about 6.0, e.g., about 5.8 or about 5.9. In someembodiments, the buffering agent is a succinate buffer. In certainembodiments, the pH of the succinate buffer is about 5.5 to about 6.0,e.g., about 5.8 or about 5.9.

In some embodiments, the buffering agent is a sodium citrate buffer,wherein sodium citrate is present in the formulation at a concentrationof about 10 mM to about 50 mM, such as from about 10 mM to about 25 mM,such as about 20 mM. In some embodiments, the buffering agent is aL-histidine buffer, wherein L-histidine is present in the formulation ata concentration of about 10 mM to about 50 mM, such as from about 10 mMto about 25 mM, such as about 20 mM. In some embodiments, theformulation comprises about 20 mM sodium citrate and has a pH from about5.0 to about 7.0. In some embodiments, the formulation comprises about20 mM L-histidine and has a pH from about 5.0 to about 7.0.

Excipients

In some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulation of the present disclosure furthercomprises at least one excipient. Examples of suitable excipientsinclude, but are not limited to, proteins (e.g., serum albumin), aminoacids (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine, glycine andhistidine), saccharides (e.g., glucose, sucrose, maltose and trehalose),polyols (e.g., mannitol and sorbitol), fatty acids and phospholipids(e.g., alkyl sulfonates and caprylate).

In some embodiments, the formulation comprises an excipient selectedfrom the group consisting of an amino acid with a charged side chain, asugar or other polyol and a salt. In some embodiments, the formulationcomprises a sugar or other polyol, such as, for example, sucrose,trehalose, mannitol or sorbitol. In some embodiments, the formulationcomprises a salt, such as, for example NaCl or a salt of an amino acid.

In some embodiments, the formulation comprises an excipient that is atonicity modifying agent. In some embodiments, the tonicity modifyingagent is included in the formulation in a concentration suitable toprovide an isotonic formulation. In some embodiments, the tonicitymodifying agent is included in the formulation in a concentrationsuitable to provide a hypertonic formulation. In some embodiments, thetonicity modifying agent for use in the formulation is selected from thegroup consisting of an amino acid with a charged side chain, a sugar orother polyol and a salt. In some embodiments, the tonicity modifyingagent is an amino acid with a charged side chain (i.e., a negativelycharged side chain or a positively charged side chain) at aconcentration of from about 50 mM to about 300 mM. In some embodiments,the tonicity modifying agent is an amino acid with a negatively chargedside chain, such as glutamate. In some embodiments, the formulationcomprises glutamate at a concentration of about 50 mM to about 300 mM.In some embodiments, the tonicity modifying agent is an amino acid witha positively charged side chain, such as arginine. In some embodiments,the formulation comprises arginine (e.g., arginine HCL), at aconcentration of from about 50 mM to about 300 mM, such as from about150 mM to about 225 mM.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical formulations as disclosed herein arehypertonic (i.e., have a higher osmotic pressure than human blood). Asdescribed herein, it was unexpectedly observed that hypertonicity led toreduced sample viscosity, which was achieved, for example, with modestincreases in arginine concentration. As described in Example 2, it wasunexpectedly observed that low viscosities were achieved (e.g., lessthan 25 cP) with the citrate/arginine and the histidine/arginine highconcentration MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulations comprising anarginine concentration of 200 mM or greater in the absence of CaCl₂.Accordingly, in some embodiments, the formulation comprises arginine(e.g., arginine HCL) at a hypertonic level of from about 200 mM to about300 mM.

As further described in Example 2, it was also observed thatformulations which included divalent cations (CaCl₂ or MgCl₂) hadelevated high molecular weight material as compared to formulations thatdid not include CaCl₂ or MgCl₂ additives. Accordingly, in oneembodiment, the high-concentration, low viscosity MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody formulation of the present disclosure is substantially free ofa CaCl₂ additive. In one embodiment, the high-concentration,low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the presentdisclosure is substantially free of a MgCl₂ additive.

As further described in Example 2, it was determined for the highconcentration MASP-2 antibody formulations that the inclusion of sucrosewas associated with elevated polydispersity in all buffering systemstested. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the high concentration lowviscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the presentdisclosure is substantially free of sucrose.

As described in Example 2, it was also determined for the highconcentration MASP-2 antibody formulations that the inclusion ofsorbitol was associated with elevated polydispersity in all bufferingsystems tested. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the high concentrationlow viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the presentdisclosure is substantially free of sorbitol.

Surfactants

Optionally, in some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the present disclosure furthercomprises a pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant. Non-limitingexamples of suitable pharmaceutically acceptable surfactants includepolyoxyethylensorbitan fatty acid esters (e.g., Tween),polyethylene-polypropylene glycols, polyoxyethylene-stearates,polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (e.g., polyoxyethylene monolauryl ether),alkylphenylpolyoxyethylene ethers (e.g., Triton-X),polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer (e.g., Poloxamer andPluronic), and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). In certain embodiments,the pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant is apolyoxyethylenesorbitan-fatty acid ester (polysorbate), such aspolysorbate 20 (sold under the trademark Tween 20™) and polysorbate 80(sold under the trademark Tween 80™). In some embodiments, thehigh-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulationof the present disclosure comprises a non-ionic surfactant. The nonionicsurfactant can be a polysorbate, (e.g., selected from the group ofpolysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, and polyethylene-polypropylenecopolymer). In some embodiments, the concentration of the surfactant isabout 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v), or 0.005% to 0.1% (w/v), or 0.01 to 0.1%(w/v), or 0.01 to 0.08% (w/v), or 0.025 to 0.075% (w/v), or moreparticularly about 0.01% (w/v), about 0.02% (w/v), about 0.04% (w/v), orabout 0.06% (w/v), or about 0.08% (w/v), or about 0.10% (w/v). In someembodiments, the formulation comprises a non-ionic surfactant (e.g.,polysorbate 80) at a concentration of from about 0.001 to 0.1% (w/v), or0.005% to 0.1% (w/v), or 0.01 to 0.1% (w/v), or 0.01 to 0.08% (w/v), or0.025 to 0.075% (w/v), or more particularly about 0.01% (w/v), about0.02% (w/v), about 0.04% (w/v), or about 0.06% (w/v), or about 0.08%(w/v), or about 0.10% (w/v). As described in Example 2, it wasunexpectedly observed that the inclusion of the non-ionic surfactantpolysorbate 80 (PS-80) led to a further reduction in viscosity whilealso preserving protein recovery, thereby allowing for a highconcentration of OMS646 antibody while maintaining a low viscositysuitable for use in an injection device, such as an autoinjector.

Stabilizers

Optionally, in some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the present disclosure furthercomprises a stabilizer. The stabilizer (used synonymously with the term“stabilizing agent” herein) may be a carbohydrate or saccharide or asugar admitted by the regulatory authorities as a suitable additive orexcipient in pharmaceutical formulations, e.g., trehalose or sucrose.The typical concentration of the stabilizer is 15 to 250 mM, or 150 to250 mM, or about 210 mM. The formulations may contain a secondarystabilizer, such as methionine, e.g., in a concentration of 5 to 25 mMor in a concentration of 5 to 15 mM (e.g., methionine in a concentrationof about 5 mM, about 10 mM or about 15 mM).

Preservatives

Optionally, in some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the present disclosure furthercomprises a preservative (e.g., an antimicrobial agent). Antimicrobialagents are generally required for parenteral products that are intendedfor multiple dosing. Similarly, preservatives are added topharmaceutical formulations aseptically packaged in single dose vials ifthe active ingredient(s) does not have bactericidal or bacteriostaticproperties or is growth promoting. Some typical preservatives used arebenzyl alcohol (0.9% to 1.5%), methylparaben (0.18% to 0.2%),propylparaben (0.02%), benzalkonium chloride (0.01% to 0.02%), andthimerosal (0.001% to 0.01%).

Syringeability

The subcutaneous route of administration requires injections usinginjection devices, such as syringes, auto-injectors, wearable pumps, orother devices, which restricts product formulation with regard toinjection volume and solution viscosity. In addition, productformulation must be suitable for use in an injection device with regardto injection force and time required for injection delivery.“Syringeablity,” as used herein, refers to the ability of an injectabletherapeutic to pass easily through a hypodermic needle on transfer froma vial prior to an injection. “Injectability,” as used herein, refers tothe performance of the formulation during injection (see, e.g., CilurzoF, Selmin F, Minghetti P, et al. Injectability Evaluation: An OpenIssue. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2011; 12(2):604-609). Syringeability includessuch factors as ease of withdrawal, clogging and foaming tendencies, andaccuracy of dose measurements. Injectability includes pressure or forcerequired for injection, evenness of flow, and freedom from clogging(i.e., no blockage of the syringe needle). Syringeability andinjectability can be affected by the needle geometry, i.e., innerdiameter, length, shape of the opening, as well as the surface finish ofthe syringe, especially in self-injection devices such as pens andauto-injectors (e.g., equipped with 29-31 GA needles), and in pre-filledsyringes for subcutaneous dosing (e.g., equipped with 24-27 GA needles).Injection force (or glide force) is a complex factor influenced bysolution viscosity, the size of the needle (i.e., needle gauge), andsurface tension of the container/closure. Smaller needles, e.g., ≥gauge,will pose less pain sensation to patients. Overcashier and co-workersestablished a viscosity-glide force relationship as a function of needlegauge based on Hagen-Poiseuille Equation (Overcashier et al., Am PharmRev 9(6):77-83 (2006). For example, with a 27-gauge thin walled needle,the liquid viscosity should be maintained at or below 20 cP in order tonot exceed the glide force of 25 Newton (N).

In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulations of the inventionare characterized by having an injection glide force of about 25N orless when injected through a 27GA (1.25″) needle at room temperature.

In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulations of the inventionare characterized by having an injection glide force of about 20N orless when injected through a 25GA (1″) needle at room temperature.

As exemplified in Example 3, the high-concentration, low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646) formulations of the presentdisclosure have surprisingly good syringeability and injectability. Thehigh-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulations as disclosed herein allow for the administration of suchformulations by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection via small-boreneedles typically used for such injections, for example, 27G (1.25″),27G thin-walled, 25G thin-walled (1″), or 25G (1″) needles. In someinstances, the low viscosity of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulationsas disclosed herein allows for the administration of a tolerable (forexample, 1-3 cc) injected volume while delivering an effective amount ofthe MASP-2 inhibitory antibody in a single injection at a singleinjection site.

Stability

For any of the foregoing, it should be noted that the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody or antigen binding fragment thereof in the formulation retainsthe ability to inhibit MASP dependent complement activation. Forexample, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody retains the ability to bindMASP-2 and inhibit lectin pathway activity as described in Example 1 orother lectin pathway assay, for example as described in WO2012/151481.In addition to potency assays, various physical-chemical assays can beused to assess stability including isoelectric focusing, polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis, size exclusion chromatography, and visible andsubvisible particle assessment.

In certain embodiments, the formulations of the present disclosureexhibit stability at a temperature range of −20° C. to 8° C. for atleast 30 days, up to at least 9 months or longer, or up to at least 12months or longer, as described in the stability studies in Examples 2and 4. Additionally or alternatively, in certain embodiments, theformulations are stable at the temperature of −20° C. to 8° C., such asfrom 2° C. to 8° C. for at least 6 months, at least 1 year, or at least2 years or longer. In certain embodiments, stability may be assessed,for example, by maintenance of a level of purity over time. For example,in certain embodiments, formulations of the present disclosure have lessthan 5% decrease, such as less than 4% decrease, such as less than 3%decrease, such as less than 2%, such as less than 1% decrease in purityper month, 6 months, 9 months, or 1 year when stored at 2° C. to 8° C.,as determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), which monitors thepresence or absence of fragments (LMW) and/or aggregate species (HMW).

In certain embodiments, the formulations of the present disclosurepromote low to undetectable levels of aggregation and/or fragmentationand maintain potency after storage for a defined period. Describedanother way, the formulations disclosed herein are capable ofmaintaining the structural integrity of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyOMS646 present at high concentrations in a solution, e.g., atconcentrations of greater than 150 mg/mL, or greater than 175 mg/mL, orof at least 185 mg/mL, such that the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody canremain predominately monomeric (i.e., at least 95% or greater) afterstorage of a defined period at approximately 2° C. to 8° C. Preferably,no more than 5%, no more than 4%, no more than 3%, no more than 2%, nomore than 1%, and most preferably no more than 0.5% of the antibodyforms fragment (LMW) or aggregate forms (HMW) as measured by SEC afterstorage of a defined period at approximately 2° C. to 8° C.

As exemplified in Example 4 described herein, the inventors provideformulations suitable for maintaining a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody,OMS646, at about 185 mg/mL in predominately monomeric form for at least12 months at about 2° C. to 8° C.

Tissue Permeability Modifier

In another embodiment, the high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulations of the present disclosure furthercomprise a tissue permeability modifier that increases the absorption ordispersion of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody following parenteraladministration (e.g., subcutaneous injection). In some embodiments, thetissue permeability modifier is a hyaluronidase enzyme which acts as atissue permeability modifier and increases the dispersion and absorptionof the injected MASP-2 inhibitory antibody. A particularly useful tissuepermeability modifier is hyaluronidase (e.g., a recombinant humanhyaluronidase). Hyaluronidases work as tissue permeability modifiers bytemporarily breaking down the hyaluronan barrier to open access to thelymphatic and capillary vessels allowing injected drugs and fluids to beabsorbed quickly into systemic circulation. The hyaluronan rebuildsnaturally, and the barrier is completely restored, e.g., within 48hours. Addition of hyaluronidase in the injectable pharmaceuticalformulations increases bioavailability of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyfollowing parenteral administration, particularly subcutaneousadministration. It also allows for greater injection site volumes (i.e.,greater than 1 mL) with less pain and discomfort, and minimizes theincidence of injection site reactions (e.g., flattens the injection sitebump).

In some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646) formulation of the present disclosurecomprise from about 100 U/mL to about 20,000 U/mL of a hyaluronidaseenzyme. The actual concentration of the hyaluronidase enzyme depends onthe type of hyaluronidase enzyme used in the preparation of the MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulations of the present invention. An effectiveamount of the hyaluronidase can be determined by the person skilled inthe art. It should be provided in sufficient amount so that an increasein the dispersion and absorption of the co-administered or sequentiallyadministered MASP-2 inhibitory antibody is possible. The minimal amountof the hyaluronidase enzyme is greater than 100 U/mL. More particularly,the effective amount of the hyaluronidase enzyme is from about 150 U/mLto about 20,000 U/mL, whereby the said amount corresponds to about 0.01mg to 0.16 mg protein based on an assumed specific activity of 100,000U/mg. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulations comprisehyaluronidase in concentration of about 1,000 to about 20,000 U/ml, suchas about 1,000 to about 16,000 U/ml. Alternatively, the concentration ofthe hyaluronidase is about 1,500 to about 12,000 U/mL, or moreparticularly about 2,000 U/mL to about 12,000 U/mL. The amountsspecified herein correspond to the amount of hyaluronidase initiallyadded to the pharmaceutical formulation. In some embodiments, the ratio(w/w) of the hyaluronidase to the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody is in therange of 1:1,000 to 1:8,000, or in the range of 1:4,000 to 1:6,000 or inthe range of about 1:4,000 to 1:5000.

The hyaluronidase may be present as a component of thehigh-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulationof the present disclosure, or it may be provided as a separate solutionin a kit-of-parts. Thus, in one embodiment, the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody is co-formulated with a hyaluronidase. In another embodiment,the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody and hyaluronidase are formulatedseparately and mixed just prior to subcutaneous administration. In yetanother embodiment, the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody and hyaluronidase areeach formulated and administered separately, e.g., the hyaluronidase isadministered as a separate injection directly before or afteradministration of the formulation comprising the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody. In some instances, the hyaluronidase is administeredsubcutaneously from about 5 seconds to about 30 minutes prior to theinjection of the pharmaceutical formulation comprising the MASP-2inhibitory antibody of the present disclosure into the same injectionsite area. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical formulation ofMASP-2 inhibitory antibody and hyaluronidase solution are included inseparate chambers of a pharmaceutical device which automates delivery,either simultaneously (e.g., using a dual barrel syringe) orsequentially.

Pre-Filled Containers

In a further aspect of the present disclosure, the high-concentration,low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation as disclosed hereinis contained in a pre-filled sealed container in an amount sufficientfor administration to a mammalian subject. Thus a sufficient quantity ofdrug composition formulated in accordance with the present disclosure,that is equal or just slightly more (i.e., not more than 25% excess,such as not more than 10% excess) than the amount of MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody desired to be administered to a mammalian subject is containedwithin a pre-filled container that facilitates dispensing the antibodyformulation for parenteral administration (i.e., injection or infusion).In some embodiments, the pre-filled container comprises at least onepharmaceutical unit dosage form of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody.

For example, a desired single-use quantity of high-concentration,low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation may be packaged inpre-filled container, such as, for example, a glass vial closed with astopper or other closure that includes a septum through which ahypodermic needle may be inserted to withdraw the formulation, or may bepackaged in a pre-filled syringe or other pre-filled container suitablefor injection (e.g., subcutaneous injection) or infusion. Examples ofsuch containers include, without limitation, vials, syringes, ampoules,bottles, cartridges, and pouches. Preferably the containers are eachsingle-use prefilled syringes, which may suitably be formed of glass ora polymeric material such as a cyclic olefin polymers or acrylonitrilebutadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM),polystyrene (PS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene (PP),polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), andtheir combinations. The barrels of such syringes are operated with anelastomer plunger which can be urged along the barrel to eject liquidcontent via a needle connected thereto. In some embodiments of theinvention, each syringe includes a needle affixed thereto.

In some embodiments, the high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulation as disclosed herein is contained withina pre-filled container selected from the group consisting of: a syringe(e.g., a single or double barreled syringe), a pen injector, a sealedvial (e.g., a dual chamber vial), an auto-injector, a cassette, and apump device (e.g., an on-body patch pump, a tethered pump or an osmoticpump). For subcutaneous delivery, the formulation may be containedwithin a pre-filled device suitable for subcutaneous delivery, such as,for example, a pre-filled syringe, autoinjector, injection device (e.g.,the INJECT-EASE™, or GENJECT™ device), injector pen (such as theGENPEN™) or other device suitable for subcutaneous administration.

The formulations of the present disclosure can be prepared as unitdosage forms in a pre-filled container, which can be particularlysuitable for self-administration. For example, a unit dosage per vial,cartridge or other pre-filled container (e.g., pre-filled syringe ordisposable pen) may contain about 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, 0.3 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.5mL, 0.6 mL, 0.7 mL, 0.8 mL, 0.9 mL, 1 mL, 1.1 mL, 1.2 mL, 1.3 mL, 1.4mL, 1.5 mL, 1.6 mL, 1.7 mL, 1.8 mL, 1.9 mL, 2.0 mL, 2.1 mL, 2.2 mL, 2.3mL, 2.4 mL, 2.5 mL, 2.6 mL, 2.7 mL, 2.8 mL, 2.9 mL, 3.0 mL, 3.5 mL, 4.0mL, 4.5 mL, 5.0 mL, 5.5 mL, 6.0 mL, 6.5 mL, 7.0 mL, 7.5 mL, 8.0 mL, 8.5mL, 9.0 mL, 9.5 mL, or about 10.0 mL or greater volume of the highconcentration formulation containing various concentrations of MASP-2inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646) ranging from about 100 mg/mL to about250 mg/mL, about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL, about 175 mg/mL to about200 mg/mL, such as about 185 mg/mL, resulting in a total unit dosage ofOMS646 per container ranging from about 20 mg to about 1000 mg orhigher.

In some embodiments, the formulation of the present disclosure isprepared as a unit dosage form in a pre-filled container, such as a vialor syringe, at a unit dosage of about 350 mg to 400 mg, such as about350 mg, about 360 mg, about 370 mg, about 380 mg, about 390 mg, or about400 mg.

In some embodiments, the formulations of the present disclosure areprepared as unit dosage forms in a pre-filled syringe with a volume offrom 0.1 mL to 3.0 mL, such as about 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL, 0.3 mL, 0.4 mL, 0.5mL, 0.6 mL, 0.7 mL, 0.8 mL, 0.9 mL, 1 mL, 1.1 mL, 1.2 mL, 1.3 mL, 1.4mL, 1.5 mL, 1.6 mL, 1.7 mL, 1.8 mL, 1.9 mL, 2.0 mL, 2.1 mL, 2.2 mL, 2.3mL, 2.4 mL, 2.5 mL, 2.6 mL, 2.7 mL, 2.8 mL, 2.9 mL, or about 3.0 mLcomprising from about 20 mg to 750 mg of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody(e.g., OMS646). As described herein, the stable formulations prepared asunit dosages can be administered to a subject directly (e.g., viasubcutaneous injection), or alternatively are prepared to be suitablefor dilution prior to intravenous administration.

The formulations of the present disclosure may be sterilized by varioussterilization methods suitable for antibody formulations, such assterile filtration. In certain embodiments the antibody formulation isfilter-sterilized, for example, with a presterilized 0.2 micron filter.Sterilized formulations of the present disclosure may be administered toa subject to prevent, treat or ameliorate a disease or disorderassociated with MASP-2-dependent complement activation.

In a related aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of makingan article of manufacture comprising filing a container with a highconcentration MASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulation of the presentdisclosure.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a pharmaceuticalcomposition for use in treating a patient suffering from, or at risk fordeveloping a MASP-2-dependent disease or condition, wherein thecomposition is a sterile, single-use dosage form comprising from about350 mg to about 400 mg (i.e., 350 mg, 360 mg, 370 mg, 380 mg, 390 mg, or400 mg) of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody, wherein the composition comprisesabout 1.8 mL to about 2.2 mL (i.e., 1.8 mL, 1.9 mL, 2.0 mL, 2.1 mL or2.2 mL) of a 185 mg/mL antibody formulation, such as disclosed herein,wherein said antibody or fragment thereof comprises (i) a heavy chainvariable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ IDNO:2 and (ii) a light chain variable region comprising the amino acidsequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3; and wherein the formulation is stablewhen stored at between 2° C. and 8° C. for at least six months. In someembodiments, the MASP-2 dependent disease or condition is selected fromthe group consisting of aHUS, HSCT-TMA, IgAN and Lupus Nephritis (LN).

Kits Comprising High-Concentration, Low-Viscosity MASP-2 InhibitoryAntibody Formulations

The present disclose also features therapeutic kits comprising at leastone container including the high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulation as disclosed herein.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a kit comprising(i) a container comprising any of the formulations comprising MASP-2inhibitory antibody described herein; and (ii) a suitable means fordelivering the formulation to a patient in need thereof. In someembodiments of any of the kits described herein, the means is suitablefor subcutaneous delivery of the formulation to the patient.

Various types of containers are suitable for containment ofpharmaceutical formulations of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody included inthe kits of the present invention. In certain embodiments of the kits ofthe present invention, the container is a prefilled syringe (e.g., asingle barrel or double-barreled syringe) or a prefilled sealed vial.

In some embodiments, the container comprising a formulation comprisingMASP-2 inhibitory antibody is a pre-filled container selected from thegroup consisting of: a syringe (e.g., a single or double barreledsyringe), a pen injector, a sealed vial (e.g., dual chamber vials), anauto-injector, a cassette, and a pump device (e.g., an on-body patchpump or a tethered pump or an osmotic pump). For subcutaneous delivery,the formulation may be contained within a pre-filled device suitable forsubcutaneous delivery, such as, for example, a pre-filled syringe,autoinjector, injection device (e.g., the INJECT-EASE™, and GENJECT™device), injector pen (such as the GENPEN™) or other device suitable forsubcutaneous administration.

In addition to a container pre-filled with a single-dose of thepharmaceutical formulation, the kit of the present invention may alsoinclude an outer container into which such pre-filled container isplaced. For example, the outer container may include a plastic orpaperboard tray into which recesses are formed that receive thepre-filled container and immobilize it during shipping and handlingprior to use. In some embodiments, the outer container is suitablyopaque and acts to shield the pre-filled container from light to preventlight induced degradation of the components of the pharmaceuticalformulation. For example, the plastic or paperboard tray that receivespre-filled container may be further packaged within a paperboard cartonthat provides light shielding. The kit of the present invention may alsoinclude a set of instructions for administration and use of the MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulations in accordance with the presentinvention, which may be printed on the outer container or printed on asheet of paper that is contained within the outer container.

In some embodiments, the kits comprise a second container (e.g., aprefilled syringe) containing an effective dose of a hyaluronidase.

The kit may further include other materials desirable from a commercialand user standpoint, including needles, syringes, package inserts andthe like.

Exemplary Formulations

As described above, the stable, high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulations of the present disclosure includeMASP-2 inhibitory antibody a concentration of from 50 mg/mL to 250 mg/mLin an aqueous solution comprising a buffering agent having a pH of 4.0to 8.0.

The buffer system, such as histidine, citrate or succinate, is suitablyincluded at a concentration of from about 10 mM to about 50 mM, andpreferably at about 20 mM. In some preferred embodiments, theformulation further comprises an amino acid with a charged side chain ata concentration of from 50 mM to 300 mM. In some embodiments, theformulation comprises an amino acid with a positively charged sidechain, such as arginine, at a concentration of from 50 mM to 300 mM. Insome preferred embodiments, the formulation further comprises anon-ionic surfactant, such as polysorbate 80, in an amount from 0.001%(w/v) to 0.1% (w/v), such as about 0.05% (w/v) to about 0.1% (w/v). Insome embodiments, the formulation further comprises a hyaluronidaseenzyme in an amount effective to increase the dispersion and/orabsorption of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody following subcutaneousadministration.

In some embodiments the stable high-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulations of the present disclosure comprise,consist of, or consist essentially of one of the following compositions:

-   -   a) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        histidine buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to        225 mM arginine; and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   b) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        histidine buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to        225 mM arginine, about 0.01% to 0.08% (w/v) of a nonionic        surfactant; and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   c) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        citrate buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to 225        mM arginine, and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   d) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        citrate buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to 225        mM arginine, about 0.01% to 0.08% (w/v) of a nonionic        surfactant; and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   e) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        succinate buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to        225 mM arginine, and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   f) 100 to 200 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 10 to 50 mM of a        succinate buffer at a pH of about 5.0 to about 7.0; 100 mM to        225 mM arginine, about 0.01% to 0.08% (w/v) of a nonionic        surfactant; and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.

In certain embodiments, the stable high-concentration, low-viscosityMASP-2 inhibitory antibody formulations of the present disclosurecomprise, consist of, or consist essentially of one of the followingcompositions:

-   -   g) 185±18.5 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 20±2 mM citrate        buffer at a pH of about 5.8; 200±20 mM arginine, and optionally        100 to 20,000 U/mL of a hyaluronidase.    -   h) 185±18.5 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 20±2 mM citrate        buffer at a pH of about 5.8; 200±20 mM arginine, about 0.01%        (w/v) polysorbate 80, and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.    -   i) 185±18.5 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 20±2 mM histidine        buffer at a pH of about 5.9, 200±20 mM arginine, and optionally        100 to 20,000 U/mL of a hyaluronidase.    -   j) 185±18.5 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibody; 20±2 mM histidine        buffer at a pH of about 5.9, 200±20 mM arginine, about 0.01%        polysorbate 80, and optionally 100 to 20,000 U/mL of a        hyaluronidase.

Methods of Producing High-Concentration, Low-Viscosity MASP-2 InhibitoryAntibody Formulations

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method forproducing a formulation comprising 100 mg/mL or greater of a MASP-2inhibitory antibody, the method comprising: (a) providing a firstpharmaceutical formulation comprising purified OMS646, the firstpharmaceutical formulation having a first formulation and comprising nomore than 50 mg/mL of the OMS646 protein; (b) subjecting the firstpharmaceutical formulation to filtration to thereby produce a secondpharmaceutical formulation, wherein the second pharmaceuticalformulation has a second formulation as a result of the filtration; and(c) concentrating the second pharmaceutical formulation to produce aconcentrated antibody solution comprising 100 mg/mL or greater ofOMS646. The formulated bulk solution is typically set at a fixed proteinconcentration so that the desired fill volume can be kept constant. Theliquid drug product manufacturing process typically involves mixing theMASP-2 inhibitory antibody with the buffering system, excipients andoptionally surfactant, followed by aseptic filtration and filling invials (or other container, such as syringes) and sealing (e.g.,stoppering, capping, or the like).

TABLE 1 Example Formulation 1 Component (USP) added to water forinjection Concentration OMS646 antibody 185 mg/mL Sodium Citrate 20 mML-Arginine HCL 200 mM Polysorbate 80 0.01%

TABLE 2 Example Formulation 2 Component (USP) added to water forinjection Concentration OMS646 antibody 185 mg/mL L-Histidine 20 mML-Arginine HCL 200 mM Polysorbate 80 0.01%

Methods of Treatment

In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of treatinga patient suffering from, or at risk for developing a MASP-2-dependentcomplement-associated disease or disorder comprising administering ahigh concentration low viscosity formulation comprising a MASP-2inhibitory antibody (e.g., OMS646) as disclosed herein.

As described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,919,094; 8,840,893; 8,652,477;8,951,522, 9,011,860, 9,644,035, U.S. Patent Application PublicationNos. US2013/0344073, US2013/0266560, US 2015/0166675, US2017/0137537,US2017/0189525 and co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. Nos.15/476,154, 15/347,434, 15/470,647, 62/315,857, 62/275,025 and62/527,926 (each of which is assigned to Omeros Corporation, theassignee of the instant application, each of which is herebyincorporated by reference), MASP-2-dependent complement activation hasbeen implicated as contributing to the pathogenesis of numerous acuteand chronic disease states. For example, as described in U.S. Pat. No.8,951,522, the primary function of the complement system, a part of theinnate immune system, is to protect the host against infectious agents,however, inappropriate or over-activation of the complement system canlead to serious disease, such as thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs,including aHUS, TTP and HUS) in which endothelial damage as well asfibrin and platelet-rich thrombi in the microvasculature lead to organdamage. The lectin pathway plays a dominant role in activatingcomplement in settings of endothelial cell stress or injury, andpreventing the activation of MASP-2 and the lectin pathway halts thesequence of enzymatic reactions that lead to the formation of themembrane attack complex, platelet activation and leukocyte recruitment.As described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,652,477, in addition to initiation ofthe lectin pathway, MASP-2 can also activate the coagulation system andis capable of cleaving prothrombin to thrombin.

As described in Example 1 and U.S. Pat. No. 9,011,860, OMS646 is apotent inhibitor of lectin-dependent complement activation. Thisantibody shows no significant binding (at least 5000-fold loweraffinity) to the other complement pathway serine proteases C1r, C1s,MASP-1 and MASP-3, and does not inhibit classical pathway dependentcomplement activation.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, the method comprises administering toa patient suffering from or a risk for developing a MASP-2-dependentcomplement-associated disease or disorder an amount of any of thehigh-concentration, low-viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulations disclosed herein in an amount sufficient to inhibit MASP-2dependent complement activation in said mammalian subject to therebytreat the disease or disorder. In some embodiments, the methods can beperformed using any of the kits or pre-filled containers (e.g.,pre-filled syringes or vials) described herein. In some embodiments, themethod can further comprise, prior to administering the formulation tothe patient, determining that the patient is afflicted with the lectincomplement-associated disease or disorder. In some embodiments, themethod further comprises administering a tissue permeability modifier(e.g., hyaluronidase) that increases the absorption or dispersion of theMASP-2 inhibitory antibody following parenteral administration. Thetissue permeability modifier may be co-administered with the MASP-2inhibitory antibody formulation or administered sequentially (e.g.,within 5 minutes of administering the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulation at or near the same injection site).

In some embodiments, the method comprises injecting a subject in needthereof from a first prefilled syringe containing a high concentrationlow viscosity formulation comprising MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (e.g.,OMS646) to inhibit MASP-2-dependent complement activation. In someembodiments, the method further comprises injecting the subject from asecond pre-filled syringe containing a tissue permeability modifier,wherein the injection is at or near the site of the injection with theMASP-2 inhibitory antibody.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) including thromboticthrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), refractory TTP, Upshaw-Schulman Syndrome(USS), hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), atypical hemolytic syndrome(aHUS), non-Factor H-dependent atypical hemolytic syndrome, aHUSsecondary to an infection, plasma therapy-resistant aHUS, a TMAsecondary to cancer, a TMA secondary to chemotherapy, a TMA secondary totransplantation, or a TMA associated with hematopoietic stem celltransplant.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a renal condition including, but not limited to,mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous glomerulonephritis,membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (mesangiocapillaryglomerulonephritis), acute post infectious glomerulonephritis(poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis), C3 glomerulopathy,cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis, pauci-immune necrotizing crescenticglomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritisand IgA nephropathy.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is renal fibrosis (e.g., tubulointerstitial fibrosis) and/orproteinuria in a subject suffering from or at risk for developingchronic kidney disease, chronic renal failure, glomerular disease (e.g.,focal segmental glomerulosclerosis), an immune complex disorder (e.g.,IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy), lupus nephritis, nephroticsyndrome, diabetic nephropathy, tubulointerstitial damage andglomerulonepthritis (e.g., C3 glomerulopathy), or a disease or conditionassociated with proteinuria, including, but not limited to nephroticsyndrome, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, toxic lesions of kidneys,amyloidosis, collagen vascular diseases (e.g., systemic lupuserythematosus), dehydration, glomerular diseases (e.g., membranousglomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulonephritis, C3glomerulopathy, minimal change disease, lipoid nephrosis), strenuousexercise, stress, benign orthostatis (postural) proteinuria, focalsegmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy (i.e., Berger's disease),IgM nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, membranousnephropathy, minimal change disease, sarcoidosis, Alport's syndrome,diabetes mellitus (diabetic nephropathy), drug-induced toxicity (e.g.,NSAIDS, nicotine, penicillamine, lithium carbonate, gold and other heavymetals, ACE inhibitors, antibiotics (e.g., adriamycin) or opiates (e.g.,heroin) or other nephrotoxins); Fabry's disease, infections (e.g., HIV,syphilis, hepatitis A, B or C, poststreptococcal infection, urinaryschistosomiasis); aminoaciduria, Fanconi syndrome, hypertensivenephrosclerosis, interstitial nephritis, sickle cell disease,hemoglobinuria, multiple myeloma, myoglobinuria, organ rejection (e.g.,kidney transplant rejection), ebola hemorrhagic fever, Nail patellasyndrome, familial mediterranean fever, HELLP syndrome, systemic lupuserythematosus, Wegener's granulomatosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Glycogenstorage disease type 1, Goodpasture's syndrome, Henoch-Schönleinpurpura, urinary tract infection which has spread to the kidneys,Sjögren's syndrome and post-infections glomerulonepthritis.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an inflammatory reaction resulting from tissue or solidorgan transplantation including, but not limited to, allotransplantationor xenotransplantation of whole organs (e.g., kidney, heart, liver,pancreas, lung, cornea, and the like) or tissue grafts (e.g., valves,tendons, bone marrow, and the like).

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated disorderis an ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R), including but not limited to,myocardial I/R, gastrointestinal I/R, renal I/R, and I/R following anaortic aneurism repair, I/R associated with cardiopulmonary bypass,cerebral I/R, stroke, organ transplant or reattachment of severed ortraumatized limbs or digits; revascularization to transplants and/orreplants, and hemodynamic resuscitation following shock and/or surgicalprocedures.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a complication associated with non-obese diabetes (Type-1diabetes or Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and/or complicationsassociated with Type-1 or Type-2 (adult onset) diabetes including, butnot limited to diabetic angiopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabeticretinopathy or diabetic macular edema.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a cardiovascular disease or disorder, including but notlimited to, Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis, systemic lupuserythematosus-associated vasculitis, vasculitis associated withrheumatoid arthritis (also called malignant rheumatoid arthritis),immune complex vasculitis, and Takayasu's disease; dilatedcardiomyopathy; diabetic angiopathy; Kawasaki's disease (arteritis);venous gas embolus (VGE); and inhibition of restenosis following stentplacement, rotational atherectomy and/or percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty (PTCA).

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, including butnot limited to, pancreatitis, diverticulitis and bowel disordersincluding Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndromeand inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a pulmonary disorder, including but not limited to, acuterespiratory distress syndrome, transfusion-related acute lung injury,ischemia/reperfusion acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, asthma, Wegener's granulomatosis, antiglomerular basementmembrane disease (Goodpasture's disease), meconium aspiration syndrome,aspiration pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, idiopathicpulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury secondary to burn, non-cardiogenicpulmonary edema, transfusion-related respiratory depression andemphysema.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a extracorporeal exposure-triggered inflammatory reactionand the method comprises treating a subject undergoing an extracorporealcirculation procedure including, but not limited to, hemodialysis,plasmapheresis, leukopheresis, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO), heparin-induced extracorporeal membrane oxygenation LDLprecipitation (HELP) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is inflammatory or non-inflammatory arthritides and othermusculoskeletal disorders, including but not limited to, osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, gout, neuropathicarthropathy, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis or otherspondyloarthropathies and crystalline arthropathies, muscular dystrophyand systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a skin disorder, including, but not limited to,psoriasis, autoimmune bullous dermatoses, eosinophilic spongiosis,bullous pemphigoid, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, atopic dermatitis,herpes gestationis and other skin disorders, and for the treatment ofthermal and chemical burns including capillary leakage caused thereby.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a peripheral nervous system (PNS) and/or central nervoussystem (CNS) disorder or injury including, but not limited to, multiplesclerosis (MS), myasthenia gravis (MG), Huntington's disease (HD),amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Guillain Barre syndrome,reperfusion following stroke, degenerative discs, cerebral trauma,Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Miller-Fishersyndrome, cerebral trauma and/or hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury,demyelination and meningitis.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is sepsis or a condition resulting from sepsis includingwithout limitation severe sepsis, septic shock, acute respiratorydistress syndrome resulting from sepsis, hemolytic anemia, systemicinflammatory response syndrome, or hemorrhagic shock.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is a urogenital disorder including, but not limited to,painful bladder disease, sensory bladder disease, chronic abacterialcystitis and interstitial cystitis, male and female infertility,placental dysfunction and miscarriage and pre-eclampsia.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an inflammatory reaction in a subject being treated withchemotherapeutics and/or radiation therapy, including without limitationfor the treatment of cancerous conditions.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an angiogenesis-dependent cancer, including but notlimited to, a solid tumor(s), blood borne tumor(s), high-risk carcinoidtumors and tumor metastases.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an angiogenesis-dependent benign tumor, including but notlimited to hemangiomas, acoustic neuromas, neurofibromas, trachomas,carcinoid tumors and pyogenic granulomas.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an endocrine disorder including, but not limited to,Hashimoto's thyroiditis, stress, anxiety and other potential hormonaldisorders involving regulated release of prolactin, growth orinsulin-like growth factor, and adrenocorticotropin from the pituitary.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an ophthalmic disease or disorder including, but notlimited to age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma andendophthalmitis.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is an ocular angiogenic disease or condition including, butnot limited to age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, ocularmelanoma, corneal neovascularization, primary pterygium, HSV stromalkeratitis, HSV-1-induced corneal lymphangiogenesis, proliferativediabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, retinopathy ofprematurity, retinal vein occlusion, corneal graft rejection,neovascular glaucoma, vitreous hemorrhage secondary to proliferativediabetic retinopathy, neuromyelitis optica and rubeosis.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or othercomplement mediated coagulation disorder, including DIC secondary tosepsis, severe trauma, including neurological trauma (e.g., acute headinjury, see Kumura et al., Acta Neurochirurgica 85:23-28 (1987),infection (bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic), cancer, obstetricalcomplications, liver disease, severe toxic reaction (e.g., snake bite,insect bite, transfusion reaction), shock, heat stroke, transplantrejection, vascular aneurysm, hepatic failure, cancer treatment bychemotherapy or radiation therapy, burn, or accidental radiationexposure.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is selected from the group consisting of acute radiationsyndrome, dense deposit disease, Degos Disease, CatastrophicAntiphospholipid Syndrome (CAPS), Behcet's disease, cryoglobulinemia;paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (“PNH”) and cold agglutinin disease.

In some embodiments, the MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder is selected from the group consisting of aHUS, HSCT-TMA,IgAN, and Lupus Nepthritis (LN).

Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS)

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is part of a group ofconditions termed “Thrombotic microangiopathies.” In the atypical formof HUS (aHUS), the disease is associated with defective complementregulation and can be either sporadic or familial. Familial cases ofaHUS are associated with mutations in genes coding for complementactivation or complement regulatory proteins, including complementfactor H, factor I, factor B, membrane cofactor CD46 as well ascomplement factor H-related protein 1 (CFHR1) and complement factorH-related protein 3 (CFHR3). (Zipfel, P. F., et al., PloS Genetics3(3):e41 (2007)). The unifying feature of this diverse array of geneticmutations associated with aHUS is a predisposition to enhancedcomplement activation on cellular or tissue surfaces. A subject is arisk for developing aHUS upon the onset of at least one or more symptomsindicative of aHUS (e.g., the presence of anemia, thrombocytopeniaand/or renal insufficiency) and/or the presence of thromboticmicroangiopathy in a biopsy obtained from the subject. The determinationof whether a subject is at risk for developing aHUS comprisesdetermining whether the subject has a genetic predisposition todeveloping aHUS, which may be carried out by assessing geneticinformation (e.g. from a database containing the genotype of thesubject), or performing at least one genetic screening test on thesubject to determine the presence or absence of a genetic markerassociated with aHUS (i.e., determining the presence or absence of agenetic mutation associated with aHUS in the genes encoding complementfactor H (CFH), factor I (CFI), factor B (CFB), membrane cofactor CD46,C3, complement factor H-related protein 1 (CFHR1), or THBD (encoding theanticoagulant protein thrombodulin) or complement factor H-relatedprotein 3 (CFHR3), or complement factor H-related protein 4 (CFHR4))either via genome sequencing or gene-specific analysis (e.g., PCRanalysis), and/or determining whether the subject has a family historyof aHUS. Methods of genetic screening for the presence or absence of agenetic mutation associated with aHUS are well established, for example,see Noris M et al. “Atypical Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome,” 2007 Nov. 16[Updated 2011 Mar. 10]. In: Pagon R A, Bird T D, Dolan C R, et al.,editors. GeneReviews™, Seattle (Wash.): University of Washington,Seattle.

As described in US2015/0166675, in a human ex vivo experimental model ofthrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), OMS646 inhibited complement activationand thrombus formation on microvascular endothelial cells exposed toserum samples from aHUS patients in both the acute phase and inremission. As further described in US2017/0137537, data obtained in anopen-label Phase 2 clinical trial (i.v. administration of 2-4 mg/kgMASP-2 inhibitory antibody OMS646 once per week for 4 consecutiveweeks), treatment with OMS646 showed efficacy in patients with aHUS.Platelet counts in all three aHUS patients in the mid- and high-dosecohorts (two in the mid-dose and one in the high-dose cohort) returnedto normal, with a statistically significant mean increase from baselineof approximately 68,000 platelets/mL (p=0.0055).

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant-Associated TMA (HSCT-TMA)

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated TMA (HSCT-TMA) is alife-threatening complication that is triggered by endothelial injury.The kidney is the most commonly affected organ, though HSCT-TMA can be amulti-system disease that also involves the lung, bowel, heart andbrain. The occurrence of even mild TMA is associated with long-termrenal impairment. Development of post-allogeneic HSCT-associated TMAdiffers in frequency based on varying diagnostic criteria andconditioning and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis regimens, withcalcineurin inhibitors being the most frequent drugs implicated (Ho V Tet al., Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 11(8):571-5, 2005).

As described in US2017/0137537, in an Phase 2 clinical trial (i.v.administration of 4 mg/kg MASP-2 inhibitory antibody OMS646 once perweek for 4 to 8 consecutive weeks), treatment with OMS646 improved TMAmarkers in patients suffering from HSCT-TMA, including a statisticallysignificant improvement in LDH and haptoglobin levels. The HSCT-TMApatients treated with OMS646 represent some of the most difficult totreat, thereby demonstrating clinical evidence of a therapeutic effectof OMS646 in patients with HSCT-TMA.

Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (IgAN)

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is an autoimmune kidney diseaseresulting in intrarenal inflammation and kidney injury. IgAN is the mostcommon primary glomerular disease globally. With an annual incidence ofapproximately 2.5 per 100,000, it is estimated that 1 in 1400 persons inthe U.S. will develop IgAN. As many as 40% of patients with IgAN willdevelop end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Patients typically present withmicroscopic hematuria with mild to moderate proteinuria and variablelevels of renal insufficiency (Wyatt R. J., et al., N Engl J Med368(25):2402-14, 2013). Clinical markers such as impaired kidneyfunction, sustained hypertension, and heavy proteinuria (over 1 g perday) are associated with poor prognosis (Goto M et al., Nephrol DialTransplant 24(10):3068-74, 2009; Berthoux F. et al., J Am Soc Nephrol22(4):752-61, 2011). Proteinuria is the strongest prognostic factorindependent of other risk factors in multiple large observationalstudies and prospective trials (Coppo R. et al., J Nephrol 18(5):503-12,2005; Reich H. N., et al., J Am Soc Nephrol 18(12):3177-83, 2007). It isestimated that 15-20% of patients reach ESRD within 10 years of diseaseonset if left untreated (D'Amico G., Am J Kidney Dis 36(2):227-37,2000). The diagnostic hallmark of IgAN is the predominance of IgAdeposits, alone or with IgG, IgM, or both, in the glomerular mesangium.

As described in US2017/0189525, in a Phase 2 open-label renal trial(i.v. administration of 4 mg/kg MASP-2 inhibitory antibody OMS646 onceper week for 12 consecutive weeks), patients with IgA nephropathy thatwere treated with OMS646 demonstrated a clinically meaningful andstatistically significant decrease in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios(uACRs) throughout the trial and reduction in 24-hour urine proteinlevels from baseline to the end of treatment.

Lupus Nephritis (LN)

A main complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is nephritis,also known as lupus nephritis, which is classified as a secondary formof glomerulonephritis. Up to 60% of adults with SLE have some form ofkidney involvement later in the course of the disease (Koda-Kimble etal., Koda-Kimble and Young's Applied Therapeutics: the clinical use ofdrugs, 10^(th) Ed, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: pages 792-9, 2012)with a prevalence of 20-70 per 100,000 people in the US. Lupus nephritisoften presents in patients with other symptoms of active SLE, includingfatigue, fever, rash, arthritis, serositis, or central nervous systemdisease (Pisetsky D. S. et al., Med Clin North Am 81(1):113-28, 1997).Some patients have asymptomatic lupus nephritis; however, during regularfollow-up, laboratory abnormalities such as elevated serum creatininelevels, low albumin levels, or urinary protein or sediment suggestactive lupus nephritis.

As described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/470,647, in a Phase2 open-label renal trial (i.v. administration of 4 mg/kg MASP-2inhibitory antibody OMS646 once per week for 12 consecutive weeks), 4out of 5 patients with Lupus Nephritis (LN) that were treated with ananti-MASP-2 antibody demonstrated a clinically meaningful decrease in24-hour urine protein levels from baseline to the end of treatment.

Administration

The high concentration low viscosity MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulations described herein can be administered to a subject in needof treatment using methods known in the art, such as by single ormultiple injections or infusions over a period of time in a suitablemanner, e.g., injection or infusion by subcutaneous, intravenous,intraperitoneal, intramuscular. As described herein, parenteralformulations can be prepared in dosage unit form for ease ofadministration and uniformity of dosage. As used herein the term “unitdosage form” refers to physically discrete units suited as unitarydosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing apredetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce thedesired therapeutic effect in association with the selectedpharmaceutical aqueous solution.

For the prevention or treatment of disease, the appropriate dosage ofthe MASP-2 inhibitory antibody will depend on the type of disease to betreated, the severity and course of the disease. The antibody issuitably administered to the patient at one time or over a series oftreatments. Depending on the type and severity of the disease, theMASP-2 inhibitory antibody can be administered at a fixed dose, or in amilligram per kilogram (mg/kg) dose. Exemplary dosages of the MASP-2inhibitory antibody contained in the formulations described hereininclude, e.g., about 0.05 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, such as about 1mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, 7 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, 9mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 11 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 16mg/kg, 17 mg/kg, 18 mg/kg, 19 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg which can beadministered daily, twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.

Exemplary fixed dosages of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody, such as theformulations described herein include, e.g., about 10 mg to about 1000mg, such as about 50 mg to about 750 mg, such as about 100 mg to about500 mg, such as about 200 mg to about 400 mg, such as about 200 mg,about 225 mg, about 250 mg, about 275 mg, about 300 mg, about 325 mg,about 350 mg, about 375 mg, or about 400 mg which can be administereddaily, twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.

With regard to delivery volume of the formulations, the concentration ofthe antibody in a formulation used for a therapeutic application isdetermined based on providing the antibody in a dosage and volume thatis tolerated by, and of therapeutic value to, the patient. For atherapeutic antibody formulation to be administered by injection, theantibody concentration will be dependent on the injection volume(usually from 0.5 mL to 3 mL). Antibody based therapies can requireseveral mg/kg of dosing per day, per week, per month, or per severalmonths. Accordingly, if a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody is to be providedat 1 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg (e.g., 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg or 5mg/kg) of body weight of the patient, and an average patient weighs 75kg, then 75 mg to 375 mg of the antibody will need to be delivered in a0.5 mL to 3.0 mL injection volume. Alternatively, the formulation isprovided in a concentration suitable for delivery at more than oneinjection site per treatment.

In a preferred embodiment in which the concentration of the OMS646antibody in the formulation is about 185 mg/mL, for a dosage of 1 mg/kgto 5 mg/kg of body weight of the patient (assuming 75 kg), theformulation would be delivered subcutaneously in about 0.40 mL to about2.0 mL injection volume.

As described herein, the formulations of the present disclosure aresuitable for both intravenous (i.v.) dosage and subcutaneous (s.c.)administration.

Depending on the type and severity of the disease, the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody can be administered intravenously at a fixed dose, or in amilligram per kilogram (mg/kg) dose. Exemplary dosages of the MASP-2inhibitory antibody contained in the formulations described herein canbe delivered intravenously by diluting an appropriate amount of the highconcentration formulation described herein with a pharmaceuticallyacceptable diluent prior to administration such that the MASP-2inhibitory antibody is administered to a human subject at a dosage ofe.g., about 0.05 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, such as about 1 mg/kg, 2mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, 7 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, 9 mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 11 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 16 mg/kg, 17mg/kg, 18 mg/kg, 19 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg which can be administered daily,twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.

The MASP-2 inhibitory antibody can also be delivered intravenously at afixed dosage by diluting an appropriate amount of the high concentrationformulation described herein with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluentprior to administration such that the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody isadministered to a human subject at a dosage of about 10 mg to about 1000mg, such as about 50 mg to about 750 mg, such as about 100 mg to about500 mg, such as about 200 mg to about 400 mg, such as about 200 mg,about 225 mg, about 250 mg, about 275 mg, about 300 mg, such as about300 mg to about 400 mg, such as about 310 mg, about 320 mg, about 325mg, about 330 mg, about 340 mg, about 350 mg, about 360 mg, about 370mg, about 375 mg, about 380 mg, about 390 mg or about 400 mg which canbe administered daily, twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.

In some embodiments, the formulation comprising the MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody is diluted into a pharmaceutically-acceptable diluent prior tosystemic (e.g., intravenous) delivery. Exemplary diluents which can beused include water for injection, 5% dextrose, 0.9% saline, Ringerssolution and other pharmaceutically-acceptable diluents suitable forintravenous delivery. While in no way intended to be limiting, exemplarydosages of a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody to be administered intravenouslyto treat a subject suffering from a MASP-2-dependent complement diseaseor disorder include, e.g., about 0.05 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg, such asabout 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg, 7 mg/kg, 8mg/kg, 9 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 11 mg/kg, 12 mg/kg, 13 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, 15mg/kg, 16 mg/kg, 17 mg/kg, 18 mg/kg, 19 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg which can beadministered daily, twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.Exemplary fixed dosages of the MASP-2 inhibitory antibody to bedelivered intravenously to treat a subject suffering from aMASP-2-dependent complement disease or disorder include, e.g., about 10mg to about 1000 mg, such as about 50 mg to about 750 mg, such as about100 mg to about 500 mg, such as about 200 mg to about 400 mg, such asabout 200 mg, about 225 mg, about 250 mg, about 275 mg, about 300 mg,about 325 mg, about 350 mg, about 375 mg, or about 400 mg which can beadministered daily, twice weekly, once weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly.

In some embodiments, the formulation is diluted into a pharmaceuticallyacceptable diluent and administered to a subject in need thereof with aninitial i.v. loading dose (e.g., about 300 mg to about 750 mg, such asabout 400 mg to about 750 mg, such as about 300 mg to about 500 mg, suchas about 300 mg to about 400 mg, such as about 300 mg, about 310 mg,about 320 mg, about 330 mg, about 340 mg, about 350 mg, about 360 mg,about 370 mg, about 380 mg, about 390 mg, or about 400 mg), followed byone or more subcutaneous injections of the formulation with a dosage of1 mg/kg to 5 mg/kg of body weight, or a fixed dosage of about 100 mg toabout 400 mg, such as about 100 mg, about 150 mg, about 200 mg, about250 mg, about 300 mg, about 350 mg, or about 400 mg. For example, aninitial i.v. loading dose may be the preferred administration route inparticular instances, such as when a patient is in the hospital or in aclinic and suffering from an acute condition (e.g., aHUS) that requiresan initial loading dose followed by maintenance dosing with subcutaneousinjection of the formulation.

EXAMPLES

The invention is further illustrated in the following examples, whichshould not be construed as further limiting. All literature citationsherein are expressly incorporated by reference.

Example 1

This Example demonstrates that OMS646, a monoclonal antibody targetinghuman MASP-2, binds to human MASP-2 with high affinity and blocks thelectin pathway complement activity.

BACKGROUND

A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting human MASP-2 (set forth asSEQ ID NO:1), referred to as “OMS646” was generated as described inWO2012/151481, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. TheOMS646 monoclonal antibody comprises a heavy chain variable region (VH)set forth as SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chain variable region (VL) setforth as SEQ ID NO:3. OMS646 is comprised of variable regions of humanorigin fused to human IgG4 heavy chain and lambda light chain constantregions and is secreted as a disulfide-linked glycosylated tetramerconsisting of two identical heavy chains (having the amino acid sequenceset forth as 4) and two identical lambda light chains (having the aminoacid sequence set forth as SEQ ID NO:5). The Asparagine residue (N) atposition 295 of the heavy chain (SEQ ID NO:4) is glycosylated and isindicated in bold and underlined text.

Heavy Chain Variable Region

Presented below is the heavy-chain variable region (VH) sequence forOMS646. The Kabat CDRs (31-35 (H1), 50-65 (H2) and 95-107 (H3)) arebolded; and the Chothia CDRs (26-32 (H1), 52-56 (H2) and 95-101 (H3))are underlined.

OMS646 heavy chain variable region (VH) (SEQ ID NO: 2)QVTLKESGPVLVKPTETLTLTCTVSGFSLSRG KMGVSWIRQPPGKALEW LA HIFSSDEKSYRTSLKSRLTISKDTSKNOVVLTMTNMDPVDTAT YYCA RIR RGGIDYWGOGTLVTVSS

Light Chain Variable Region

Presented below is the light-chain variable region (VL) sequence forOMS646. The Kabat CDRs (24-34 (L1); 50-56 (L2) and 89-97 (L3) areunderlined. These regions are the same whether numbered by the Kabat orChothia system.

OMS646 light chain variable region (VL) (SEQ ID NO: 3)QPVLTQPPSLSVSPGQTASITCS GEKLGDKYAYW YQQKPGQSPVLVMYQ DKQRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTISGTQAMDEADYYCQ AWDSSTAVF G GGTKLTVLOMS646 heavy chain IgG4 mutated heavy chain fulllength polypeptide (445 aa) (SEQ ID NO: 4)QVTLKESGPVLVKPTETLTLTCTVSGFSLSRGKMGVSWIRQPPGKALEWLAHIFSSDEKSYRTSLKSRLTISKDTSKNQVVLTMTNMDPVDTATYYCARIRRGGIDYWGQGTLVTVSSASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTKTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKRVESKYGPPCPPCPAPEFLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQF NSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPSSIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSRWQEGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSL SLGKOMS646 light chain full length polypeptide (212 aa) (SEQ ID NO: 5)QPVLTQPPSLSVSPGQTASITCSGEKLGDKYAYWYQQKPGQSPVLVMYQDKQRPSGIPERFSGSNSGNTATLTISGTQAMDEADYYCQAWDSSTAVFGGGTKLTVLGQPKAAPSVTLFPPSSEELQANKATLVCLISDFYPGAVTVAWKADSSPVKAGVETTTPSKQSNNKYAASSYLSLTPEQWKSHRSYSCQVT HEGSTVEKTVAPTECS

As described in WO2012/151481, OMS646 binds to MASP-2 and selectivelyinhibits the lectin pathway and does not substantially inhibit theclassical pathway (i.e., inhibits the lectin pathway while leaving theclassical complement pathway intact) and also exhibits at least one ormore of the following characteristics: said antibody binds human MASP-2with a K_(D) of 10 nM or less, said antibody binds an epitope in theCCP1 domain of MASP-2, said antibody inhibits C3b deposition in an invitro assay in 1% human serum at an IC₅₀ of 10 nM or less, said antibodyinhibits C3b deposition in 90% human serum with an IC₅₀ of 30 nM orless, wherein the antibody is an antibody fragment selected from thegroup consisting of Fv, Fab, Fab′, F(ab)₂ and F(ab′)₂, wherein theantibody is a single-chain molecule, wherein said antibody is an IgG2molecule, wherein said antibody is an IgG1 molecule, wherein saidantibody is an IgG4 molecule, wherein the IgG4 molecule comprises aS228P mutation.

As described in WO2012/151481, OMS646 was determined to avidly bind tohuman MASP-2 (SEQ ID NO:1) with >5000 fold selectivity when compared toC1s, C1r, MASP-1 or MASP-3. As shown in this example, OMS646specifically binds to human MASP-2 with high affinity and has theability to block lectin pathway complement activity.

As shown above, OMS646 comprises (a) a heavy-chain variable regioncomprising (i) CDR-H1 comprising the amino acid sequence from 31-35 ofSEQ ID NO:2, ii) CDR-H2 comprising the amino acid sequence from 50-65 ofSEQ ID NO:2, and iii) CDR-H3 comprising the amino acid sequence from95-107 of SEQ ID NO:2; and (b) a light-chain variable region comprising:i) CDR-L1 comprising the amino acid sequence from 24-34 of SEQ ID NO:3,ii) CDR-L2 comprising the amino acid sequence from 50-56 of SEQ ID NO:3,and iii) CDR-L3 comprising the amino acid sequence from 89-97 of SEQ IDNO:3.

As further described in WO2012/151481, a variant of OMS646, having aheavy chain variable region with at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2and a light chain variable region with at least 95% identity to SEQ IDNO:3 was demonstrated to have functional activity similar to OMS646. TheOMS646 variant described in WO2012/151481 comprises a) a heavy chainvariable region comprising: SEQ ID NO:2, or a variant thereof comprisingan amino acid sequence having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2,wherein residue 31 is an R, residue 32 is a G, residue 33 is a K,residue 34 is an M, residue 35 is a G, residue 36 is a V, residue 37 isan S, residue 50 is an L, residue 51 is an A, residue 52 is an H,residue 53 is an I, residue 54 is an F, residue 55 is an S, residue 56is an S, residue 57 is a D, residue 58 is an E, residue 59 is a K,residue 60 is an S, residue 61 is a Y, residue 62 is an R, residue 63 isa T, residue 64 is an S, residue 65 is an L, residue 66 is a K, residue67 is an S, residue 95 is a Y, residue 96 is a Y, residue 97 is a C,residue 98 is an A, residue 99 is an R, residue 100 is an I, residue 101is an R, residue 102 is an R or A, residue 103 is a G, residue 104 is aG, residue 105 is an I, residue 106 is a D and residue 107 is a Y; andb) a light chain variable region comprising: SEQ ID NO:3 or a variantthereof comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 95% identityto SEQ ID NO:3, wherein residue 23 is an S, residue 24 is a G, residue25 is an E or D, residue 26 is a K, residue 27 is an L, residue 28 is aG, residue 29 is a D, residue 30 is a K, residue 31 is a Y or F, residue32 is an A, residue 33 is a Y, residue 49 is a Q, residue 50 is a D,residue 51 is a K or N, residue 52 is a Q or K, residue 53 is an R,residue 54 is a P, residue 55 is an S, residue 56 is a G, residue 88 isa Q, residue 89 is an A, residue 90 is a W, residue 91 is a D, residue92 is an S, residue 93 is an S, residue 94 is a T, residue 95 is an A,residue 96 is a V and residue 97 is an F.

1. OMS646 Specifically Blocks Lectin-Dependent Activation of TerminalComplement Components

Methods:

The effect of OMS646 on membrane attack complex (MAC) deposition wasanalyzed using pathway-specific conditions for the lectin pathway, theclassical pathway and the alternative pathway. For this purpose, theWieslab Comp300 complement screening kit (Wieslab, Lund, Sweden) wasused following the manufacturer's instructions.

Results:

FIG. 1A graphically illustrates the amount of lectin pathway-dependentMAC deposition in the presence of different amounts of human MASP-2inhibitory antibody (OMS646). FIG. 1B graphically illustrates the amountof classical pathway-dependent MAC deposition in the presence of humanMASP-2 inhibitory antibody (OMS646). FIG. 1C graphically illustrates theamount of alternative pathway-dependent MAC deposition in the presenceof different amounts of human MASP-2 inhibitory antibody (OMS646). Asshown in FIG. 1A, OMS646 blocks lectin pathway-mediated activation ofMAC deposition with an IC₅₀ value of approximately 1 nM. However, OMS646had no effect on MAC deposition generated from classicalpathway-mediated activation (FIG. 1B) or from alternativepathway-mediated activation (FIG. 1C).

Example 2 OMS646 Pre-Formulation Studies

Background/Rationale:

The composition of a reduced viscosity protein formulation is determinedby consideration of several factors including, but not limited to: thenature of the protein, the concentration of the protein, the desired pHrange, the temperature at which the protein formulation is to be stored,the period of time over which the protein formulation is to be stored,and how the formulation is to be administered to a patient. For areduced viscosity formulation to be administered by injection, theprotein concentration is dependent upon the injection volume (usually1.0 mL to 2.25 mL). If a protein is to be provided at 2 to 4 mg/kg ofbody weight of a patient, and an average patient weighs 75 kg, then 150mg-300 mg of the protein will need to be delivered in a 1.0 mL to 1.62mL injection volume. Viscosity is ideally maintained below about 25 cPto ensure a realistically syringeable subcutaneous therapeutic product.In some embodiments, viscosity is maintained below about 20 cP to allowfor delivery of the therapeutic product with an injection device, andalso to allow for various types of bioprocessing, such as tangentialflow filtration.

The primary aim of these studies was to identify formulation componentsthat would result in optimal chemical, physical, and structuralstability of OMS646 antibody in liquid formulation resulting in a stableformulation with a viscosity of less than 25 cP, such as less than 20cP, with a high concentration of OMS646 (100 mg/mL or greater) suitablefor subcutaneous injection into a human subject.

Analytic Methods:

To test various buffer and excipient combinations, a purifiedpreparation of OMS646 antibody (102 mg/mL in 20 mM sodium acetate, 50mg/mL sorbitol, pH 5.0) was diluted to ˜1 mg/mL in the selectedformulation solutions and 4 mL volumes were placed in concentratorspre-rinsed with the appropriate buffer. Each unit was spun down to ˜1 mLat 3200×g. This process was repeated for a total of three rounds ofbuffer-exchange.

Formulation appearance was evaluated using an Eisai MachineryObservation Lamp, Model MIH-DX against water using white and blackbackgrounds. Each formulation sample was tested for color, clarity(opalescence), and the presence of particulate matter.

The protein content of OMS646 formulations was determined using anextinction coefficient of 1.49 mL/mg*cm. Measurement of absorbance at280 nm with correction for absorbance at 320 nm was performed usingdisposable UVettes and a path length of 0.2 cm. Samples were prepared induplicate by dilution with 1×Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS)to a final concentration of ˜2 mg/mL. For high concentration samples,the neat solutions were first diluted 1:1 in formulation buffer, andthen diluted to ˜2 mg/mL in 1×DPBS. Duplicate measurements for eachsample were averaged, and the percent relative standard deviation (RSD)was calculated. For any duplicate samples displaying >5% RSD, anadditional dilution set was prepared and measured.

The protein concentration was calculated as follows:

Corrected A280=A280−A320

Protein Concentration (mg/mL)=(Corrected A280*Dilution Factor)/1.49mL/mg*cm

To assess sample turbidity/light scattering, 100 μL of undiluted samplewas measured at 320 nm in a disposable UVette using a 1 cm path length.For each sample, the spectrophotometer was blanked with the appropriatebuffer-exchange solution without the protein present. Followingmeasurement, samples were recovered and used for pH analysis. In orderto normalize turbidity measurements for sample concentration, A320 wasalso divided by the concentration in mg/mL and the resulting value inmAU*mL/mg was reported.

pH measurements of all formulations and solutions were performed at roomtemperature using a calibrated SevenMulti Meter (Mettler Toledo) with anautomatic temperature compensation electrode.

The thermal stability of the OMS646 formulations was monitored bydifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Melting temperature (T_(m))data for the mAb were collected using a MicroCal Capillary DSC. Theprotein samples were diluted to a final concentration of ˜2 mg/ml in theappropriate buffer-exchange solution. Evaluation of the samples by DSCwas performed by scanning from 20-110° C. at 1° C./minute or 2°C./minute. The pre-scan thermostat was set to 10 minutes, post-scanthermostat to 0 minutes, and the post-cycle thermostat set to 25° C. ForT_(m) data analysis, a buffer-buffer scan was subtracted from thebuffer-sample scan and the thermogram was then normalized to proteinconcentration (molar) using a molecular weight estimate of 150 kDa. Aprogressive baseline was generated and subtracted from the data tofacilitate Tm determination. Melting temperatures were determined usingthe pick peaks function of the associated Origin® scientific software.

Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measures time-dependent fluctuations inthe intensity of scattered light from particles in a sample, where theStokes Einstein equation is used to calculate the hydrodynamic radius ofthe particle(s) in solution. The DLS experiments for OMS646 formulationswere performed with duplicate undiluted samples (30-40 μL) using aDynaPro™ Plate Reader II instrument (Wyatt). A total of 10 individualscans were performed at 25° C., with an acquisition time of 5 seconds.Viscosity was set to that of phosphate buffered saline, 1.019 cP. Theresultant intensity distribution plots were compared to evaluate theeffects of various formulation components on mean particle size byintensity (overall diameter), a global size distribution width parameter(overall percent polydispersity, or % Pd), the average peak diameter ofthe OMS646 monomer (Peak 2 diameter), and that peak's width parameter(Peak 2% Pd). Percent polydispersity (overall or Peak 2) is a widthparameter that reflects the heterogeneity detected in the intensitydistribution plot, where % Pd<20% is indicative of a near monodispersesolution and/or species conformation.

Stability against chemical denaturation was evaluated using the AVIAIsothermal Chemical Denaturation System (Model 2304), which testschemical stability under ambient conditions in an automated fashion bygenerating a denaturant gradient by mixing constant volumes offormulated protein with formulation buffer and formulation buffercontaining urea. Briefly, formulated protein was diluted to 0.33 mg/mLin formulation buffer. For a given formulation, a second formulationbuffer containing 10M urea was also prepared. Due to solubility issues,9M urea solutions were prepared for sucrose- and sorbitol-containingformulations. After a uniform incubation time (˜30 minutes), intrinsicprotein fluorescence (i.e., tryptophan fluorescence) is measured foreach data point, where chemical unfolding of the protein results inexposure of buried tryptophans to solvent with an associated red-shiftin the fluorescence signal. For each formulation, data was obtained fora total of 24 urea concentrations (0-9.0M for 10 M urea stocks and0-8.1M for 9M urea stocks), and the ratio of Abs350/Abs330 was used forbaseline subtraction of background fluorescence changes, and anon-linear least squares fit to the unfolding transition data wasemployed using either a 2-state or 3-state model.

Viscosity of the formulations was determined using either a rolling ballviscometer or a rheometer. All viscosity measurements were performed at25° C. with a shear rate in the range of 0.5 s⁻¹ to 1000 s⁻¹. Rollingball measurements were performed using an Anton Paar AMVn viscometer.For rolling ball viscosity measurements, the time a gold ball takes topass a distance in a capillary filled with the sample is measured aftertilting the capillary to a predefined angle (80 degrees). Capillarieswere tilted a total of three times and the results were averaged todetermine the final dynamic viscosity, a value which is not dependent onsample density. For rolling ball measurements, the capillary was firstcleaned using DI water and methanol. Calibration of theinstrument/capillary was confirmed by measurement of 10 cP, 50 cP and/or100 cP Brookfield viscosity standards. The capillary was re-cleaned withDI water and methanol prior to and between every sample measurement.

Rheometer-based viscosity measurements were performed using a DV-IIIUltra Programmable Rheometer which was calibrated with BrookfieldViscosity Standard Fluid #10 and #50. 0.5 mL of each sample was measuredat various spindle speeds (shear rates). Samples displaying viscosity(cP) readings with <10% RSD for all shear rates were consideredNewtonian over this range, while samples were shear rate-dependentviscosity were considered non-Newtonian.

Density measurements were carried out using an Anton Paar DMA 4500MDensitometer. Briefly, the instrument was flushed with DI water severaltimes followed by methanol. The instrument was calibrated for air andwater prior to measuring the density of water as a sample. Theinstrument was again washed with water and methanol and a single samplemeasurement was performed on ˜175 mg/mL material pooled from severalformulations. The reported value was used as a reasonable densityapproximation for high-concentration OMS646 formulations to be used ingravimetric content measurements.

Osmolality measurements were performed using a freezing point depressionosmometer (Multi-Osmette Osmometer, Precision Systems model 2430), whichmeasures the decrease in a solution's freezing point as soluteconcentration increases.

A liquid particle-counting system (Hach Model 9703, Sensor Model:HRLD-150) was used for determining particle size and abundance in OMS646formulation samples. Sample data was obtained using a single 500 μL drawof sample (200 μL tare volume). Briefly, the instrument was allowed towarm up for ˜30 minutes and both the syringe (1 mL) and system wereflushed with deionized water for at least 10 cycles before use.Environment suitability was tested by showing that 25 mL of deionizedwater contained no more than 25 particles ≥10 μm in size. Systemsuitability was confirmed by analyzing a single 500 μL draw of 2, 5, 10and 15 μM standards using appropriate channel sizes. If cumulativecounts/mL detected fell within the specification given for the standard,then the system was deemed suitable for sample testing. Before the firstsample measurement, the system was flushed once with 1×PhosphateBuffered Saline (PBS) to ensure that samples did not precipitate uponcontact with deionized water. Samples were analyzed using a single 500μL draw, and cumulative counts/mL for 2 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm and 25 μmchannels were determined to the nearest whole number.

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was used to evaluate the quantity ofaggregates and degradation products present in the OMS646 formulations.Briefly, an Agilent 1100 HPLC system was fitted with a G3000SWx1 SECcolumn (Tosoh, 7.8×300 mm, 5 μm particle size). OMS646 formulationsamples were diluted to 2.5 mg/mL in SEC mobile phase (140 mM potassiumphosphate, 75 mM potassium chloride, pH 7.0) and 20 μL, of sample wasinjected into the HPLC column. The system was run using a flow rate of0.4 mL/min, and eluted protein was detected by absorption at 280 nm(bandwidth 4 nm) with no reference correction. To assess systemsuitability, all samples were bracketed by mobile phase blank and gelfiltration standard injections, and reference material was injected induplicate at the beginning of the sequence. Percent abundances forindividual and total high molecular weight (HMW) species and lowmolecular weight (LMW) species, in addition to percent monomer and totalintegrated peak area were determined.

Analysis by reduced SDS capillary gel (SDS-CE) electrophoresis wasperformed with a Beckman Coulter PA 800 Plus capillary electrophoresissystem and PDA detection module, using an SDS-MW Analysis Kit. Samplesand reference were first diluted to 1.0 mg/mL in SDS-MW Sample Buffer.To 95 μL of this working solution 5 μL of β-mercaptoethanol and 2 μL ofInternal Standard (10 kDa) were added. All samples were centrifuged at300×g for 1 minute, heated at 70±2° C. for ˜10 minutes, and transferredto a PCR vial and kept at 25° C. until analysis. Separations wereconducted by applying 15 kV (reverse polarity) across the capillary for30 minutes and applying a 20.0 psi pressure at both inlet and outlet.Data was acquired at 220 nm with a collection rate of 4 Hz. Reference(unprocessed OMS646) was injected twice at the beginning of eachsequence. Percent LC, HC and IgG were reported.

Non-reduced SDS capillary gel electrophoresis analyses were carried outas described for reduced CE-SDS, with the exception that freshlyprepared 250 mM iodoacetamide was used in place of reducing agent, andseparations were performed for 35 minutes. Total electropherogram areaand % IgG were reported.

A purified preparation of OMS646 antibody (102 mg/mL) was generatedusing recombinant methods as described in WO2012/151481, which is herebyincorporated herein by reference. Briefly described, OMS646 antibody wasgenerated in CHO cells containing expression constructs encoding theheavy chain and light chain polypeptides of OMS646 and purified usingstandard techniques.

1. Comparison of Candidate Buffering Systems:

Methods:

In the pre-formulation studies, the stability of MASP-2 inhibitoryantibody OMS646 was initially evaluated against a panel of candidatebuffers including those commonly used in therapeutic antibodyformulation (citrate, histidine, phosphate), as well as moreunconventional buffers (acetate, succinate) in order to cover a wide pHrange (pH 4.0-pH 8.0). For this study, the protein was exchanged into 20mM succinate (pH 4.0, 5.0 and 5.5), acetate (pH 4.0, 5.0 and 5.5),citrate (pH 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0), histidine (pH 6.0 and 7.0) and phosphate(pH 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0) buffers using Amicon Ultra-4 (10 kDa MWCO)concentrators. A purified preparation of OMS646 antibody (102 mg/mL in20 mM sodium acetate, 50 mg/mL sorbitol, pH 5.0) was diluted to ˜1 mg/mLin each of the 14 formulation solutions, and 4.0 mL volumes were placedin concentrators pre-rinsed with the appropriate buffer. Each unit wasspun down to ˜1 mL at 3200×g. This process was repeated for a total ofthree rounds of buffer-exchange. During the final round ofconcentration, the protein was over-concentrated to <1 mL. Theapproximate volume and centrifuge time of each solution was recordedafter each cycle.

Results: Overall, the data generated for the five buffer types werecomparable with regard to buffer-exchange rate, protein contentrecovery, differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), dynamic lightscattering (DLS) and chemical stability (data not shown). Acetate,citrate and histidine were selected for further evaluation based on theapparent overall optimal thermal and conformational OMS646 properties inthe pH range 5.5-6.0. Acetate was selected over succinate at pH 5.5 dueprimarily to superior thermal stability, while histidine and citratewere selected over phosphate at pH 6.0 based upon DLS data.

2. Excipient Screening

The stability of OMS646 was evaluated in the presence of variousexcipients with reported antibody-stabilizing properties, usingbuffering systems identified during baseline buffer screening (20 mMacetate, pH 5.5; citrate, pH 6.0, and histidine, pH 6.0). For thisstudy, OMS646 was buffer-exchanged into each candidate buffer containingeither 150 mM NaCl, 250 mM sorbitol, 250 mM sucrose, 150 mM L-arginine,150 mM L-glutamate or 250 mM L-proline using Amicon Ultra-4 (10 kDaMWCO) concentrators. Sample preparation was carried out as described inthe buffer system comparison wherein the target protein concentrationwas 2.0 mg/mL.

Results:

With regard to protein recoveries, the estimated protein recoveriesranged from 106%, which represented a modest improvement over recoveriesin the absence of excipient. Histidine buffer appeared to be preferredfor the majority of excipients, and acetate and citrate showed mixedresults.

With regard to DSC, it was observed that citrate buffer resulted inOMS646 thermal stabilization for all excipients tested. FIG. 2Agraphically illustrates the results for Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)analysis for OMS646 formulation excipient screening, showing the overallparticle diameter observed for formulations containing various candidateexcipients. FIG. 2B graphically illustrates the results for DLS analysisfor OMS646 formulation excipient screening, showing the overallpolydispersity observed for formulations containing various candidateexcipients. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, with regard to DLS, mostformulations yielded comparable results. However, for all bufferingsystems, sucrose was associated with elevated polydispersity and thelargest overall and monomeric diameters. Following sucrose, sorbitol wasthe least preferred by DLS, showing larger mean sizes and increasedpolydispersity. The remaining formulations were generally comparable byDLS with monomer diameters of 10-12 nm (see FIG. 2A) and polydispersity<20% indicating monodisperse populations (see FIG. 2B). With regard tostability against chemical denaturation, as evaluated using the AVIAIsothermal Chemical Denaturation System, a buffer/pH trend was clearlyobserved where acetate pH 5.5 formulations denatured at ureaconcentrations ˜0.5 M lower than citrate and histidine pH 6.0formulations for all excipients tested. Citrate and histidine werecomparable for all excipients.

In summary, the data supported citrate at approximately a pH of 6.0 asthe optimal buffer/pH combination, which was carried forward intosolubility screening studies. Given the poor DLS data observed with allbuffer types, sucrose was excluded from further consideration.

3. Solubility/Viscosity Screening

First Viscosity Study:

Methods:

In order to establish conditions for maximum OMS646 solubility, 20 mMcitrate (pH 5.0 and 6.0) and 20 mM succinate (pH 4.0) were used in thepresence of several isotonic combinations of NaCl, sorbitol, arginine,glutamate and proline. OMS646 was buffer-exchanged using Amicon 15concentrator units in multiple cycles and on the final cycle the volumeof each solution was reduced to ˜1 mL. Buffer exchange rates for allformulations and exchange cycles were recorded and analyzed. Followingbuffer exchange, protein contents were measured, percent recovery wascalculated and the samples were stored overnight at 5° C. Duringstorage, the succinate/glutamate formulation was observed to precipitateand was not evaluated further. Remaining formulations were added toAmicon 4 concentrator units and concentrated until a targetconcentration of ˜200 mg/mL was reached, or until centrifugation nolonger resulted in volume reduction and/or sample viscosity (via samplemanipulation) was deemed to be unmanageable.

Results:

With regard to buffer-exchange rates, the highest exchange rates wereclearly observed in pH 4.0 samples, with succinate/sorbitol showing thefastest exchange rates overall. Exchange rates at pH 5.0 and 6.0 werecomparable, where formations containing only charged amino acidexcipients showed higher rates than other formulations. The slowestexchange rate was observed for the citrate/sorbitol formulation at pH6.0. This formulation was the lone sample with pH ≥5.0 and an unchargedexcipient component. Under the assumption that exchange rate is asurrogate indicator for OMS646 self-association, it appears that chargedspecies are important for mitigating this behavior at a more neutral pH.With regard to DLS, all high-concentration formulations showedcomparable overall diameters of ˜12 nm, with the exception ofsuccinate/arginine pH 4.0 which showed an elevated global sizedistribution at >18 nM.

The buffer-exchanged samples were concentrated until solutions becamephysically unworkable due to high viscosity. Maximum concentrations inexcess of 225 mg/mL were achieved for both pH 4.0 formulations. Forformulations at higher pH values, maximal OMS646 protein concentrationsranged from 160.5 to 207.6 mg/mL. Viscosity for the majority offormulations was evaluated using a rolling ball viscometer with a shearrate between 0.5 s⁻¹ to 1000 s⁻¹ as described above. FIG. 3 graphicallyillustrates the results of viscosity analysis for OMS646 solubilityscreening over a range of protein concentrations in various formulationsas measured at pH 5.0 and pH 6.0. As shown in FIG. 3 , when plottedagainst protein concentration, an exponential increase in viscosity wasobserved over the formulations, with the highest viscosity recorded forcitrate/arginine/glutamate pH 5.0 (161.1 cP for a 196.6 mg/mL solution).At pH 6.0 and a comparable OMS646 protein concentration, thecitrate/sorbitol formulation showed considerably higher viscosity thaneither the sorbitol/glutamate or proline/glutamate formulation. Thecitrate/arginine/glutamate pH 6.0 formulation (95.3 mg/mL) displayedapproximately half the viscosity (5.8 vs. 9.3 cP) of the citrate/NaCl pH6.0 sample (87.5 mg/mL) at a higher protein content suggesting animportance of charged amino acids over ionic excipients.

It is important to note that at a given concentration (i.e., 125 mg/mL),viscosity varies dramatically as a function of the formulation.Viscosity is ideally maintained below ˜25 cP to ensure a realisticallysyringeable subcutaneous therapeutic product. In some embodiments of theOMS646 formulation, viscosity is maintained below about 20 cP to allowfor delivery of the therapeutic product with an injection device, andalso to allow for various types of bioprocessing, such as tangentialflow filtration.

Second Viscosity Study

In an effort to reduce OMS646 formulation viscosity and, thus, maximizeOMS646 concentration in a given formulation, an additional study wasperformed. Based on the initial results, the formulations most likely toproduce a reduced viscosity formulation at high concentration wereselected, namely: succinate/sorbitol pH 4.0 and glutamate- andarginine-containing citrate formulations at pH 6.0. Based on previousstudies, charged amino acids were associated with several beneficialproperties at neutral pH including increased buffer-exchange rate,increased sample processing recovery, and reduced viscosity. The impactof amino acids with a positively charged side chain (e.g., arginine) oramino acids with a negatively charged side chain (e.g., glutamate) wereevaluated over a range of concentrations (50 mM to 150 mM) to gauge bothexcipient charge and concentration on viscosity. Finally, CaCl₂) wasused as an additive in both isotonic and hypertonic citrate/glutamatesolutions due to its potential viscosity reducing properties asdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,390,786.

Samples were buffer-exchanged and concentrated as described above.Following buffer-exchange, the protein content of all formulations wascalculated. The exception was the formulation containing 50 mM glutamateand 50 mM CaCl₂, which precipitated following buffer-exchange and wasnot evaluated further. This is likely due in part to the limitedsolubility of citrate and divalent cations such as Ca²⁺.

Results:

FIG. 4 graphically illustrates the percent protein recovery followingbuffer-exchange for the OMS646 solubility/viscosity study with variouscandidate formulations. As shown in FIG. 4 , a trend towards increasingrecovery with increasing arginine concentration was observed, where the150 mM arginine formulation showed the highest protein recovery at 85%.Recoveries for the remaining formulations were comparable and rangedfrom 64-75%. Samples were then concentrated as described above untilthey became manually unworkable. All formulations were evaluated forviscosity as described above and the results are shown below in TABLE 3.

TABLE 3 Summary of the viscosity data from the pre-formulation studiesConc Viscosity Sample Buffer Excipient Additive pH (mg/mL) (cP) 100 cPStandard (97.2 cP Claim) — 97.1  50 cP Standard (49.2 Claim) — 49.1  S120 mM Succinate 250 mM sorbitol   — 4.0 209.3 109.6  S2 20 mM Citrate 150 mM Arginine  — 6.0 181.2 70.5  S3 20 mM Citrate  100 mM Arginine  —6.0 170.8 102.8  S4 20 mM Citrate  50 mM Arginine — 6.0 158.3 140.1  S520 mM Citrate  150 mM Glutamate — 6.0 180.3 71.2  S6 20 mM Citrate  100mM Glutamate — 6.0 170.7 74.6  S7 20 mM Citrate   50 mM Glutamate — 6.0152.7 137.0  S8 20 mM Citrate  150 mM Glutamate 50 mM CaCl₂ 6.0 202.873.4 

As shown above in TABLE 3, viscosities for all formulations were >70 cP,and despite the broad range of final concentrations, clear trends wereobserved. From this preliminary data, it was evident that increasedarginine or glutamate concentration led to reduced viscosity. Theviscosity of the succinate/sorbitol formulation appeared comparable tothe 150 mM amino acid formulations. Inclusion of CaCl₂ showed areduction in viscosity, where viscosity for this formulation wascomparable to samples of 10% lower protein content.

Four formulations (S1, S2, S5 and S8 shown in TABLE 3) were selected fora more detailed viscosity analysis, where recovered neat samples wereincrementally diluted in formulation buffer of 25 mg/mL. FIG. 5graphically illustrates the viscosity (as determined by exponential fitof the viscosity data) versus protein concentration for the OMS646solubility/viscosity study with various candidate formulations. Theexponential fit of the viscosity data was determined in accordance withthe methods described in Connolly B. et al., Biophysical Journal vol103:69-78, 2012. As shown in FIG. 5 , the 150 mM glutamate and arginineformulations showed almost identical curves that displayed the highestviscosity per unit concentration—a viscosity of 25 cP equating to ˜150mg/mL OMS646. The succinate sorbitol formulation performed somewhatbetter, with 25 cP corresponding to an estimated OMS646 content of ˜160mg/mL. The lowest overall viscosity was observed in the CaCl₂-containingformulation where the estimated content at 25 cP was ˜175 mg/mL. Themost intriguing result of this analysis was that the hypertonicformulation including 150 mM glutamate and 50 mM CaCl₂ dramaticallyreduced sample viscosity. Given the desire for the highest concentrationliquid formulation possible, the application of divalent cations andhypertonicity towards viscosity reduction was carried forward into anadditional viscosity study.

Third Viscosity Study

Based on the results from the initial viscosity studies described above,an additional study was carried out to determine whether the apparentviscosity reducing properties of CaCl₂ were related to the divalent Ca²⁺or hypertonicity. A change in predominate excipient from glutamate toarginine was performed due to the improved buffer-exchange ratesobserved for arginine-containing formations. The incorporation ofhistidine was performed due to the potential for chelation of Ca²⁺ bycitrate which could lead to precipitation. A subset of samples alsoevaluated the impact of pH and surfactant on sample viscosity, as wellas the impact of CaCl₂ and hypertonicity on the succinate/sorbitol pH4.0 formulation. Samples were buffer-exchanged and concentrated asdescribed for the previous viscosity studies. Viscosity for allformulations was measured using a rolling ball instrument as describedabove. Viscosity data was normalized to a sample protein concentrationof 170 mg/mL. This was performed by first calculating a theoreticalviscosity from the measured protein content using the exponentialregression to previously calculated Viscosity/Solubility viscosity datafrom the citrate/arginine pH 6.0 formulation (y=0.0917^(e0.0361x)). Thenormalized viscosity was calculated by multiplying the theoreticalviscosity for citrate/arginine pH 6.0 at 170 mg/mL (42.4 cP) by measuredviscosity/theoretical viscosity (see Table 4, footnote b). The resultingnormalized viscosities reveal much clearer trends by smoothingconcentration-associated variability (see TABLE 4 and FIG. 6 ).

TABLE 4 Summary of Viscosity Data for OMS646 (170 mg/mL) formulationsApprox Means Norm Norm Theor Viscosity at Form Buffer/ Viscosity ConcViscosity 170 mg/mL # pH Excipient Additive PS-80 (cP) (mg/mL) (cP)^(a)(cP)^(b) 100 cP Standard (97.2 cP Claim) 96.9 — 1A 20 mM 112.5 mMArginine 25 mM CaCl₂ — 38.8 165.5 36.0 45.7 1B Citrate 112.5 mM Arginine25 mM CaCl₂ 0.05% 41.7 168.5 40.2 44.0  2 pH 6.0   150 mM Arginine — —20.8 155.7 25.3 34.9  3   150 mM Arginine 25 mM CaCl₂ — 20.1 157.0 26.532.2  4   200 mM Arginine — — 22.3 169.1 41.0 23.1  5   225 mM Arginine— — 20.2 169.0 40.9 20.9 6A 20 mM 112.5 mM Arginine 25 mM CaCl₂ — 34.1165.4 35.9 40.4 6B Citrate 112.5 mM Arginine 25 mM CaCl₂ 0.05% 31.0170.0 42.4 31.1  7 pH 5.0   150 mM Arginine — — 22.1 158.9 28.4 33.0  8  150 mM Arginine 25 mM CaCl₂ — 17.4 153.9 23.7 31.1  9 20 mM   75 mMArginine 50 mM CaCl₂ — 19.9 174.5 49.9 16.9 10A Histidine 112.5 mMArginine 25 mM CaCl₂ — 27.9 169.6 41.8 28.4 10B pH 6.0 112.5 mM Arginine25 mM CaCl₂ 0.05% 28.1 184.6 71.8 16.6 11   135 mM Arginine 10 mM CaCl₂— 34.1 167.1 38.2 37.9 12   150 mM Arginine — — 35.5 156.6 26.1 57.7 13  200 mM Arginine — — 20.2 167.2 38.3 22.3 14   225 mM Arginine — — 16.4161.9 31.6 22.0 15   150 mM Arginine 50 mM CaCl₂ — 15.9 164.9 35.2 19.116A 20 mM  125 mM Sorbitol 50 mM CaCl₂ — 19.5 172.7 46.7 17.7 16BSuccinate  125 mM Sorbitol 50 mM CaCl₂ 0.05% 18.1 168.7 40.4 19.0 17 pH4.0  250 mM Sorbitol 50 mM CaCl₂ — 15.5 157.2 26.8 24.6 18  250 mMSorbitol — 16.8 161.3 31.0 23.0 ^(a)Theoretical viscosity was calculatedusing the regression to the measured content citrate/arginine pH 6.0viscosity curve (y = 0.0917^(e0.0361x)) ^(b)Theoretical viscosity of 170mg/mL citrate/arginine pH 6.0 (42.4 cP)* (Measured Viscosity/TheorViscosity)

FIG. 6 graphically illustrates the concentration-normalized viscositydata for the viscosity study with various candidate OMS646 formulationsbased on the data from TABLE 4. As shown in FIG. 6 and TABLE 4, forcitrate and histidine formulations, examination of the normalized dataset clearly shows that hypertonicity leads to reduced sample viscosity,wherein the majority of the impact is observed with only modestincreases in arginine concentration. For example, the normalizedviscosity of formulation 12 (20 mM histidine with 150 mM arginine) is57.7 cP, compared with viscosities of 22.3 and 22.0 cP for histidineformulations containing 200 and 225 mM arginine, respectively. A similartrend was observed for citrate/arginine formulations. There was noobvious benefit of CaCl₂) inclusion. Rather, it was surprising to findthat in the absence of CaCl₂, low viscosities (e.g., less than 25 cP)were achieved with the citrate/arginine and the histidine/arginineformulations with an arginine concentration of 200 mM or greater.Inclusion of 0.05% PS-80 resulted in substantial viscosity reduction intwo of the three formulations evaluated at pH ≥5.0. Finally, viscositiesat pH 5.0 appeared somewhat lower than those for comparable formulationsat pH 6.0.

In view of the results obtained from the viscosity studies, hypertonicarginine, the presence or absence of divalent cations and thesuccinate/sorbitol pH 4.0 formulations were carried forward intosurfactant screening studies to further evaluate the impact on OMS646physical, conformation, and chemical stability.

4. Surfactant Screening

The impact of surfactant on OMS646 stability was evaluated usingcandidate formulations identified in prior studies described herein. Forsurfactant screening studies, six formulations were analyzed as follows:

20 mM citrate, 200 mM arginine at pH 5.0

20 mM citrate, 200 mM arginine at pH 6.0;

20 mM succinate, 250 mM sorbitol at pH 4.0;

20 mM histidine, 200 mM arginine at pH 6.0;

20 mM histidine, 75 mM arginine/50 mM CaCl₂) at pH 6.0;

20 mM histidine, 75 mM arginine/50 mM MgCl₂ at pH 6.0

Each of the six formulations shown above was evaluated either withoutsurfactant or in the presence of 0.01% PS-80 for a total of twelveunique formulation conditions. For each formulation, OMS646 wasexchanged into buffer-exchange solutions (no PS-80), concentrated, thecontent was measured and the samples were normalized to 175 mg/mLprotein. Each formulation was then split and PS-80 was added into theappropriate samples to a final concentration of 0.01% (w/v).

The formulated samples were each subjected to mechanical stress byagitation, and freeze/thaw cycling. For both types of stress, 0.5 mL ofsample was transferred into four type 1 borosilicate glass vials (2.0mL) and sealed using FluroTec® stoppers. For agitation stress, thesamples were placed in a microplate shaker at 600 rpm for ˜60 hours atroom temperature. Agitation control samples were kept next to the shakerfor the duration of the agitation stress. For freeze/thaw cycling, thesamples were frozen at ˜80° C. for ≥60 minutes and then allowed to thawat room temperature, for a total of 5 freeze-thaw cycles. Followingstressing, samples were stored at 2-8° C. until analysis. The remainingsample was maintained at 2-8° C. as an unstressed control. Appearance,A280 measurements, DLS and SEC were performed to evaluate the impact ofsurfactant on OMS646 aggregation and stability.

Results:

Following stressing of the six OMS646 formulations, no sample showedevidence of product-related particulate matter. Protein content wasessentially constant for all samples of a given formulation. Analysis ofDLS data for freeze/thaw and agitation samples revealed only subtledifferences between formulations and stress-types, with no clear globaltrends observed with regard to PS-80 inclusion. The one exception wasthe succinate/sorbitol pH 4.0 formulation in which inclusion of PS-80led to high overall polydispersity (i.e., multimodal) for freeze/thawand 5° C. control samples. This acidic formulation also showed evidenceof aggregation/self-association by DLS in the absence of PS-80 uponagitation.

Analysis of SEC data was performed to evaluate any aggregation and/ordegradation products arising during sample stressing. The results aresummarized in TABLES 5A-5D.

TABLE 5A Summary of SEC data for OMS646 formulation surfactant screening(2-8° C.) Ave Total Ave Ave Total PS-80 HMW Monomer LMW Form. BufferExcipient Additive pH (%) (%) (%) (%) Average Unprocessed ReferenceSample 3.7 96.3 —  1 20 mM 200 mM — 5.0 — 3.0 96.3 —  2 citrate Arginine0.01 3.1 96.9 —  3 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.2 96.8 —  4 citrate Arginine0.01 3.3 96.7 —  5 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  6 histidine Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  7 20 mM 250 mM — 4.0 — 3.2 96.6 0.2  8 SuccinateSorbitol 0.01 3.2 96.5 0.2  9 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 — 10histidine Arginine CaCl₂ 0.01 3.4 96.6 — 11 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.496.6 — 12 histidine Arginine MgCl₂ 0.01 3.5 96.5 —

TABLE 5B Summary of SEC data for OMS646 formulation surfactant screening(Freeze/Thaw) Ave Total Ave Ave Total PS-80 HMW Monomer LMW Form. BufferExcipient Additive pH (%) (%) (%) (%) Average Unprocessed ReferenceSample 3.7 96.3 —  1 20 mM 200 mM — 5.0 — 3.1 96.9 —  2 citrate Arginine0.01 3.2 96.8 —  3 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  4 citrate Arginine0.01 3.3 96.7 —  5 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  6 histidine Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  7 20 mM 250 mM — 4.0 — 3.2 96.6 0.2  8 SuccinateSorbitol 0.01 3.2 96.6 0.2  9 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.4 96.6 — 10histidine Arginine CaCl₂ 0.01 3.4 96.6 — 11 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.596.6 — 12 histidine Arginine MgCl₂ 0.01 3.5 96.6 —

TABLE 5C Summary of SEC data for OMS646 formulation surfactant screening(25° C.) Ave Total Ave Ave Total PS-80 HMW Monomer LMW Form. BufferExcipient Additive pH (%) (%) (%) (%) Average Unprocessed ReferenceSample 3.7 96.3 —  1 20 mM 200 mM — 5.0 — 3.1 96.9 —  2 citrate Arginine0.01 3.2 96.8 —  3 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  4 citrate Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  5 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  6 histidine Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  7 20 mM 250 mM — 4.0 — 3.3 96.5 0.2  8 SuccinateSorbitol 0.01 3.3 96.5 0.2  9 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.4 96.6 — 10histidine Arginine CaCl₂ 0.01 3.5 96.5 — 11 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.596.5 — 12 histidine Arginine MgCl₂ 0.01 3.5 96.5 —

TABLE 5D Summary of SEC data for OMS646 formulation surfactant screening(Agitation) Ave Total Ave Ave Total PS-80 HMW Monomer LMW Form. BufferExcipient Additive pH (%) (%) (%) (%) Average Unprocessed ReferenceSample 3.7 96.3 —  1 20 mM 200 mM — 5.0 — 3.0 97.0 —  2 citrate Arginine0.01 3.2 96.8 —  3 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  4 citrate Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  5 20 mM 200 mM — 6.0 — 3.3 96.7 —  6 histidine Arginine0.01 3.4 96.6 —  7 20 mM 250 mM — 4.0 — 2.8 97.0 0.2  8 SuccinateSorbitol 0.01 3.3 96.5 0.2  9 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.4 96.3 0.3 10histidine Arginine CaCl₂ 0.01 3.5 96.5 — 11 20 mM  75 mM 50 mM 6.0 — 3.496.6 — 12 histidine Arginine MgCl₂ 0.01 3.6 96.5 —

As shown above in TABLES 5A-5D, overall, the SEC data indicate that theOMS646 molecule is generally insensitive to inclusion of PS-80 and bothfreeze/thaw (TABLE 5B) and agitation stress (TABLE 5D), regardless ofsurfactant. It was observed that the worst performing OMS646formulations were those containing divalent cation additives (CaCl₂ andMgCl₂) where high molecular weight (HMW) material for these samples wasclearly elevated relative to other samples and the lowest levels ofmonomer were observed.

5. Stability Analysis Under Stressed and Unstressed Conditions for 28Days

After narrowing the potential buffer, excipient, and surfactantcombinations through the pre-formulation studies described above,citrate and histidine buffers were formulated using 200 mM arginine overthe pH range 5.5-6.5 at high concentrations of 175 mg/mL and 200 mg/mLOMS646 to identify the most suitable formulation under both stressed(40° C.) and unstressed (5° C.) conditions. Arginine was included at ahypertonic level (200 mM) due to the viscosity-reducing properties atthis elevated concentration. Based on statistical numerical optimizationof the pre-formulation data, the most suitable OMS646 formulation wasdetermined to be 20 mM citrate and 200 mM arginine. A panel of sampleswas also prepared to evaluate the impact of 0.01% PS-80 on citrate andhistidine formulations.

Buffer-exchange was carried out as described above, samples wereconcentrated and diluted to achieve the target concentrations of 175 or200 mg/mL OMS646. During this final normalization, PS-80 was added to0.01% for the appropriate formulations. The formulations were sterilefiltered using Millipore Ultrafree-CL GV 0.22 μM sterile concentrators.One vial of each formulation was placed at 5° C. and one at 40° C. for a28 day incubation period. The samples were analyzed at To and 28 dayswith regard to concentration, appearance, turbidity, osmolality, pH,DLS, DSC and viscosity. Following the 28 day incubation, it was observedthat both the 175 and 200 mg/mL OMS646 succinate/sorbitol formulationstored at 40° C. developed a gel-like consistency, and thus were notanalyzed.

Results:

With regard to the stability analysis, pH values remained stable overthe duration of the study, regardless of formulation and storagecondition. After 28 days, both SEC and SDS-CE analysis indicatedsubstantial increases in LMW content for the acidic pH 5.0 and pH 4.0formulations, eliminating these formulations from further consideration.For the pH 6.0 citrate/arginine and histidine/arginine formulated with0.01% PS-80, most responses were nearly indistinguishable fromassociated surfactant-free samples. SEC, however, showed reductions inHMW content of 0.2%-0.6% relative to surfactant-free counterpartformulations. Coupled with the apparent viscosity-reducing properties ofthe surfactant, polysorbate-80 (PS-80) was chosen to be included infurther formulation studies.

The concentration and viscosities of a total of 10 formulations weretested after 28 days at 5° C. Representative results are shown in TABLE6.

TABLE 6 Viscosity of Formulations after 28 days at 5° C. Concentration28 days at 5° C. Viscosity Sample Formulation (mg/mL) (cP) 1 20 mMCitrate, 200 mM Arginine, pH 6.0, 175 mg/mL 153.4 10.6 OMS646 2 20 mMHistidine, 200 mM Arginine, pH 6.0, 175 mg/mL 151.3 12.7 OMS646 3 20 mMCitrate, 200 mM Arginine, pH 6.0, 200 mg/mL 170.5 27.4 OMS646 4 20 mMHistidine, 200 mM Arginine, pH 6.0, 200 mg/mL 184.2 18.1 OMS646 5 20 mMCitrate, 200 mM Arginine, 0.01% PS-80, 159.2 9.0 pH 6.0, 175 mg/mLOMS646 6 20 mM Histidine, 200 mM Arginine, 0.01% PS-80, 156.0 7.8 pH6.0, 175 mg/mL OMS646 7 20 mM Citrate, 200 mM Arginine, pH 5.0, 175mg/mL 143.2 9.8 OMS646 8 20 mM Histidine, 200 mM Arginine, pH 5.0, 200mg/mL 182.4 15.9 OMS646 9 20 mM Succinate, 250 mM Sorbitol, pH 4.0, 175mg/mL 150.6 14.5 OMS646 10 20 mM Succinate, 250 mM Sorbitol, pH 4.0, 200mg/mL 184.3 18.0

As shown above in TABLE 6, higher concentration formulations displayedhigher viscosities. Of considerable interest was the observation thatinclusion of PS-80 led to reduction in viscosity for both citrate (10.6vs 9.0 cP) and histidine (12.7 vs. 7.8 cP) formulations, while alsopreserving protein recovery. Such reductions in viscosity upon inclusionof PS-80 are beneficial, allowing for a higher concentration of OMS646while maintaining a low viscosity that is considered to be syringeablein a clinical setting and also suitable for use in an autoinjector andother injection devices.

Summary of the Results

The primary aim of these studies was to identify formulation componentsthat would result in optimal chemical, physical, and structuralstability of high concentration OMS646 antibody in liquid formulations.In addition, several viscosity-specific studies were carried with thegoal of obtaining a final formulation with maximal OMS646 antibodyconcentration that could be feasibly delivered by subcutaneousadministration.

Several buffer types, pH conditions, excipients, and surfactantconcentrations were evaluated in an iterative fashion over the course ofthe studies directed at evaluation of buffer systems, excipients,solubility, viscosity, and surfactant screening studies. The initialBaseline Buffer Evaluation Study tested five different buffer types(acetate, citrate, succinate, histidine, and phosphate) over the pHrange 4.0-8.0. Analysis by DSC, DLS, and the AVIA chemical denaturationsystem indicated that more acidic and basic conditions were leastsuitable for OMS646 antibody stability. Based on the results, acetate,citrate, and histidine buffer systems were selected for furtherevaluation.

Excipient screening evaluated the effect of NaCl, L-arginine,L-glutamate, L-proline, sucrose, and sorbitol on OMS646 antibodystability in each of the three chosen buffer systems. Citrate (pH 6.0)was carried forward alone into further studies to maximize design spacefor additional excipient evaluation. Only sucrose was eliminated as apotential excipient due to poor light scattering data. Solubilityscreening evaluated the ability of citrate (pH 5.0 and pH 6.0)formulations containing isotonic combinations of NaCl, sorbitol,arginine, glutamate, and proline to support high solution concentrationsof OMS646 antibody. All formulations were concentrated in excess of 150mg/mL OMS646 without evidence of aggregation. Succinate/arginine andsuccinate/glutamate formulations, however, showed evidence ofprecipitation/aggregation following short-term storage and were notevaluated further. Biophysical analysis of the citrate formulationsshowed only minor differences between excipients at pH 6.0 and only amodest reduction of HMW content in counterpart pH 5.0 formulations.

Interesting data came from viscosity measurements of this subset ofsamples, which suggested that citrate/glutamate and succinate/sorbitolimparted the lowest viscosities. Given the similar biophysicalstabilities observed between excipients and the importance of obtaininga formulation with maximum OMS646 content, additional viscosity studieswere performed. These viscosity studies identified divalent cationsand/or modest hypertonicity as a significant factor in reducing OMS646antibody formulation viscosity at more neutral pH. Both citrate (pH 5.0and 6.0) and histidine (pH 6.0) were evaluated in the presence of 200 mMarginine. Histidine pH 6.0 was also evaluated in the presence of 75 mMarginine and either 50 mM CaCl₂ or 50 mM MgCl₂. Finally,succinate/sorbitol pH 4.0 was tested. All buffer/excipient combinationswere tested either in the absence or presence of 0.01% PS-80 todetermine if surfactant promoted OMS646 antibody stability underagitation and freeze/thaw stress conditions. All formulations appearedstable against the environmental stresses applied, regardless ofsurfactant. One striking observation was the increase in OMS646 HMWcontent observed by SEC for formulations containing divalent cations.Therefore, CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ were eliminated form further consideration asexcipients. Succinate/sorbitol also showed reduced OMS646 antibodypurity, which was mainly attributable to an apparent increase in LMWimpurities. While the differences between formulation containing andlacking 0.01% PS-80 were minor, samples containing surfactant did appearto show modestly increased HMW content (˜0.1%) relative to theirsurfactant-free counterparts.

Example 3

This Example describes a study in which three candidate highlyconcentrated, low viscosity OMS646 formulations, identified based on thepre-formulation studies described in Example 2, were compared withrespect to syringeability.

Background/Rationale:

The time and force required for a manual injection (or time required foran injection using an auto-injector) are important and may impact theease of use of the product by the end-user and thus compliance. Thethree required for the injection of a solution at a given injection ratevia a needle of predetermined gauge and length is referred to as‘syringeability’ (see e.g., Burckbuchler, V.; et al., Eur. J Pharm.Biopharm. 76 (3), 351-356, 2010). With regard to syringeability foradministration to a human subject, one generally does not want to exceeda 25N force (although there are marketed formulations more viscous thanthis). A 27GA needle or a 27GA thin wall needle are generally consideredstandard needles for subcutaneous injection of monoclonal antibodies.The 27GA thin wall needle has an ID roughly equal to a 25GA needle(smaller G numbers are bigger diameters).

The following study was carried out to determine the syringeability ofthree candidate highly concentration low viscosity OMS646 formulations.

Methods:

Based on the pre-formulation studies described in Example 2, thefollowing three candidate high concentration OMS646 formulations wereselected and further studied, as shown in TABLE 7. In this example, theformulations were prepared using arginine hydrochloride, polysorbate 80if indicated, and either trisodium citrate or histidine, with the pHbeing adjusted to about 5.8 to 6.0 using hydrochloric acid.

TABLE 7 Candidate high concentration OMS646 formulations ConcentrationProtein Formulation Buffer/Excipients/Surfactant/pH of OMS646 content 120 mM Citrate, 200 mM 185 mg/mL 187.1 Arginine, 0.01% PS-80, pH 5.8 2 20mM Histidine, 200 mM 185 mg/mL 188.2 Arginine, 0.01% PS-80, pH 5.9 3 20mM Citrate, 200 mM 185 mg/mL 193.3 Arginine, pH 5.8

1. Osmolality and Viscosity of OMS646 Candidate Formulations

Osmolality and viscosity of the three candidate formulations generatedas shown in TABLE 7 were determined using methods described in Example2. Fluid behavior of the formulation was considered to be non-Newtonianif the % RSD>10 over shear rates tested. The results are shown in TABLE8.

TABLE 8 Osmolality and Viscosity Osmolality Viscosity Fluid FormulationBuffer/Excipients/Surfactant/pH Conc. (mOsm/kg) (cP) Behavior 1 20 mMCitrate, 200 mM Arginine, 185 mg/mL 473 16.1 Newtonian 0.01% PS-80, pH5.8 2 20 mM Histidine, 200 mM Arginine, 185 mg/mL 440 15.9 Newtonian0.01% PS-80, pH 5.9 3 20 mM Citrate, 200 mM Arginine, 185 mg/mL 468 21.3Newtonian pH 5.8

2. Syringeability of OMS646 Candidate Formulations

Methods:

Syringeability analysis of the three OMS646 formulations was carried outwith respect to average load and max load using 27 GA (1.25″), 25GA (1″)and 25GA thin-walled (1″) needles. Triplicate replicates of eachformulation were each injected once. Results for the syringeabilitysamples are averages of the triple replicates.

Results:

The three formulations shown in TABLE 7 (containing OMS646 at 185 mg/mL)were evaluated for their syringeability using 27GA (1.25″), 25GAthin-walled (1″), and 25GA (1″) needles. Reported results are theaverage of triplicate replicates. The results are shown in TABLE 9 andare graphically illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B. FIG. 7A graphicallyillustrates the average load (lbf) of three candidate OMS646formulations using 27GA, 25GA and 25GA thin-walled needles. FIG. 7Bgraphically illustrates the maximum load (lbf) of three candidate OMS646formulations using 27GA, 25GA and 25GA thin-walled needles.

TABLE 9 Syringeability of the candidate high-concentration OMS646formulations Average Average Max Load Max Load Load Load FormulationCondition (lbf) (lbf) (N) (N) 1 27 GA 4.72 5.07 20.99 22.55 25 GA 1.882.03 8.36 9.03 25 GA (thin-wall) 1.27 1.36 5.65 6.05 2 27 GA 4.51 4.8520.06 21.57 25 GA 1.84 1.99 8.18 8.85 25 GA (thin-wall) 1.26 1.32 5.605.80 3 27 GA 5.58 5.83 24.82 25.93 25 GA 2.29 2.51 10.18 11.16 25 GA(thin-wall) 1.50 1.60 6.67 7.11

As described above, with regard to syringeability for administration toa human subject, one generally does not want to exceed a 25N force. Asshown above in TABLE 9, all three candidate high concentration OMS646formulations have acceptable syringeability (i.e., a force not exceeding25N) when injected through a 25GA or 25GA thin-walled syringe.Formulation #2 also has acceptable syringeability when injected througha 27G needle. The addition of PS-80 0.01% caused an unexpectedimprovement in syringeability.

3. SEC Analysis of OMS646 Candidate Formulations Post-Injection

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was used to evaluate the quantity ofaggregates and degradation products present in the three OMS646candidate formulations post-injection. Briefly, an Agilent 1100 HPLCsystem was fitted with a G3000SWx1 SEC column (Tosoh, 7.8×300 mm, 5 μmparticle size). OMS646 samples were diluted to 2.5 mg/mL in SEC mobilephase (140 mM potassium phosphate, 75 mM potassium chloride, pH 7.0) and20 μL of sample was injected into the HPLC column. The system was runusing a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, and eluted protein was detected byabsorption at 280 nm (bandwidth 4 nm) with no reference correction. Toassess system suitability, all samples were bracketed by mobile phaseblank and gel filtration standard injections, and reference material wasinjected in duplicate at the beginning of the sequence. Percentabundances for individual and total high molecular weight (HMW) speciesand low molecular weight (LMW) species, in addition to percent monomerand total integrated peak area were reported.

Results:

The results of the SEC analysis of the high concentration OMS646candidate formulations post-injection are shown in TABLE 10.

TABLE 10 SEC Analysis of the high-concentration OMS646 formulationspost-injection Formulation Condition % Purity % BMW % LMW 1 Control 96.53.3 0.1 27 GA 96.4 3.5 0.2 25 GA 96.4 3.4 0.2 25 GA (thin-wall) 96.4 3.40.2 2 Control 96.6 3.4 Not detected 27 GA 96.5 3.5 Not detected 25 GA96.5 3.5 Not detected 25 GA (thin-wall) 96.5 3.5 Not detected 3 Control96.5 3.4 0.2 27 GA 96.3 3.5 0.2 25 GA 96.4 3.5 0.2 25 GA (thin-wall)96.3 3.5 0.2

These results show little or no change in purity by SEC followingexpulsion through the needle.

Summary of Results: The results of the syringeability analysisdemonstrate that all three candidate high concentration OMS646formulations have acceptable syringeability when tested using needlessuitable for subcutaneous administration and there is little or nochange in purity of the OMS646 following expulsion through the needle.The addition of PS-80 0.01% provided an unexpected improvement in thesyringeability of the citrate arginine-containing formulation.

Example 4

This Example describes a study that was carried out to evaluate thestability of candidate high-concentration low viscosity OMS646 antibodyformulations during long-term storage.

Methods:

This study was carried out to evaluate the stability ofhigh-concentration OMS646 antibody formulations for subcutaneousinjection after long-term storage.

Two candidate formulations were evaluated as follows:

A) 20 mM citrate, 200 mM arginine, 0.01% PS-80, pH 5.8 (185 mg/mLOMS646)

B) 20 mM histidine, 200 mM arginine, 0.01% PS-80, pH 5.9 (185 mg/mLOMS646)

Samples were filled into 13 mm, 2 mL size USP Type I Schott Glass TubingVials (West Pharmaceuticals), with a 1.0 mL sample fill, sealed with 13mm Fluorotec stoppers (West Pharmaceuticals), and capped with 13FOaluminum caps with buttons (West Pharmaceuticals or equivalent). Thesample vials were stored in controlled temperature reach-in stabilitychambers at −75±10° C., −20±5° C., 5±3° C., 25±2° C./60±5% RH, and 40±2°C./75±5% RH. A target of at least 40 sample vials per formulation werestored for the present study. Samples stored as liquid were stored in aninverted orientation, while frozen samples were stored upright. Therequired number of vials was pulled at the associated time points andconditions, and the samples were characterized by the following methods:Appearance by Visual Inspection, Protein Content by A280, Osmolality,SEC-HPLC, pH, and MASP-2 ELISA. The exemplary SEC-HPLC data issummarized in TABLE 11 and shows that the OMS646 antibody maintained itsintegrity after storage at 5° C. for 6, 9 and 12 months. The ELISA dataconfirmed that the antibody preserved its functionality after storage at5° C. for 6, 9 and 12 months.

Results: The results of this study are summarized in TABLE 11 below.

TABLE 11 Stability of Formulations as analyzed by SEC Total HMW MainPeak Time (oligomer) (monomer) Total LMW Formulation Point Condition (%)(%) (%) 185 mg/mL OMS646 T0 NA 3.9 96.1 —  20 mM Citrate  1 month −20°C. 2.5 97.5 — 200 mM Arginine  5° C. 2.6 97.4 — 0.01% Polysorbate 80 25° C./60% RH 2.7 97.3 — pH 5.8  2 months −20° C. 2.9 97.1 —  5° C. 3.196.9 —  25° C./60% RH 3.4 96.6 —  3 months −20° C. 2.8 97.2 —  5° C. 2.997.1 —  25° C./60% RH 3.3 96.0 0.7  6 months −20° C. 1.7 98.3 —  5° C.1.9 98.1 —  25° C./60% RH 2.0 98.0 —  9 months  5° C. 3.4 96.6 —  25°C./60% RH 4.0 95.7 0.2 12 months  5° C. 3.4 96.6 — 185 mg/mL OMS646 T0NA 3.8 96.2 —  20 mM Histidine  1 month −20° C. 2.7 97.3 — 200 mMArginine  5° C. 2.7 97.3 — 0.01% Polysorbate 80  25° C./60% RH 2.9 97.1— pH 5.9  2 months −20° C. 2.9 97.1 —  5° C. 3.3 96.7 —  25° C./60% RH3.3 96.7 —  3 months −20° C. 2.8 97.1 0.1  5° C. 3.0 96.9 0.1  25°C./60% RH 3.1 96.1 0.8  6 months −20° C. 1.8 98.2 —  5° C. 1.9 98.1 — 25° C./60% RH 2.0 98.0 —

As shown in TABLE 11, little or no change in purity was observed in thesamples stored up to 9 months at −20° C. or stored at 5° C. up to 12months, the intended storage temperature. The purity of the samplesstored at 25° C. was also maintained over 2 months, however, slightchanges in purity at 25° C. were observed over 9 months of storage.

Example 5

An exemplary formulation containing the MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyOMS646 at pH 5.8 was prepared by combining OMS646 (185 mg/mL) withcitrate (20 mM), arginine (200 mM) and polysorbate 80 (0.01%). Sodiumcitrate dihydrate (4.89 mg/mL) and citric acid monohydrate (0.71 mg/mL)were used to prepare the citrate buffer, with hydrochloric acid and/orsodium hydroxide used to adjust the pH as needed.

The viscosity of this formulation was measured with a capillaryviscometer, and the results are shown in TABLE 12. There is a slightdecrease in viscosity at higher shear rates, with all values being below13 cP.

TABLE 12 Viscosity of an exemplary OMS646 formulation measured atdifferent shear rates Temperature Shear Rate Viscosity Formulation (°C.) (1/s) (cP) 185 mg/mL OMS646 25.0 103000 12.2  20 mM Citrate 25.0156000 11.5 200 mM Arginine 25.0 211000 11.0 0.01% Polysorbate 80 pH 5.8It was determined that dosing human subjects with the exemplary 185mg/mL OMS646 formulation described in this example (both by subcutaneousinjection and intravenous administration after dilution) resulted insustained and high degrees of lectin pathway inhibition.

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, it will be appreciated that various changes to the disclosedformulations and methods can be made therein without departing from thespirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that thescope of letters patent granted hereon be limited only by thedefinitions of the appended claims.

In accordance with the foregoing, the invention features the followingembodiments.

1. A stable pharmaceutical formulation suitable for parenteraladministration to a mammalian subject, comprising:

(a) an aqueous solution comprising a buffer system having a pH of 5.0 to7.0; and

(b) a monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof that specifically binds tohuman MASP-2 at a concentration of about 50 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL,wherein said antibody or fragment thereof comprises (i) a heavy chainvariable region comprising CDR-H1, CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 of SEQ ID NO:2 and(ii) a light chain variable region comprising CDR-L1, CDR-L2 and CDR-L3of SEQ ID NO:3, or a variant thereof comprising a heavy chain variableregion having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chainvariable region having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:3;

wherein the formulation has a viscosity of between 2 and 50 centipoise(cP), and wherein the formulation is stable when stored at between 2° C.and 8° C. for at least one month.

2. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theconcentration of the antibody in the formulation is from about 100 mg/mLto about 225 mg/mL.

3. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theconcentration of the antibody in the formulation is from about 150 mg/mLto about 200 mg/mL.

4. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theconcentration of the antibody in the formulation is from about or about175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL.

5. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, whereinthe viscosity of the formulation is from about 2 cP to about 40 cP.

6. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, whereinthe viscosity of the formulation is from about 2 cP to about 30 cP.

7. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, whereinthe viscosity of the formulation is from about 2 cP to about 25 cP.

8. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, whereinthe viscosity of the formulation is from about 2 cP to about 20 cP.

9. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2, whereinthe viscosity of the formulation is from about 2 cP to about 18 cP.

10. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-9, whereinthe buffer system comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptablebuffering agent having an acid dissociation constant within 2 pH unitsof the formulation pH.

11. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-10,wherein the buffer system comprises at least one buffering agentselected from the group consisting of succinate, histidine and citrate.

12. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 11, wherein the at leastone buffering agent is histidine or citrate.

13. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-12,wherein the at least one buffering agent is citrate.

14. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 13, wherein the at leastone buffering agent is sodium citrate.

15. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-12,wherein the at least one buffering agent is histidine.

16. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 15, wherein the at leastone buffering agent is L-histidine.

17. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 13, wherein citrate ispresent in the solution at a concentration of 10 mM to 50 mM.

18. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 15, wherein histidine ispresent in the solution at a concentration of 10 mM to 50 mM.

19. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-18,wherein the pharmaceutical formulation further comprises at least oneexcipient selected from the group consisting of a protein, an aminoacid, a sugar, a polyol, a salt, a fatty acid and a phospholipid.

20. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 19, wherein the at leastone excipient is a tonicity modifying agent in a sufficient amount forthe formulation to be hypertonic.

21. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 20, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent selected from the group consisting of an amino acid witha charged side chain, a sugar or other polyol and a salt.

22. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 21, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent is a sugar or other polyol and is selected from thegroup consisting of sucrose, trehalose, mannitol and sorbitol.

23. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 21, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent is a salt selected from the group consisting of NaCl ora salt of an amino acid.

24. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 21, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent is an amino acid with a charged side chain.

25. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 24, wherein the aminoacid with a charged side chain is present in the formulation at aconcentration of from about 150 mM to about 300 mM.

26. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 24 or 25, wherein thetonicity modifying agent is an amino acid with a negatively charged sidechain.

27. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 24 or 25, wherein thetonicity modifying agent excipient is an amino acid with a positivelycharged side chain.

28. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 26, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent is glutamate.

29. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 27, wherein the tonicitymodifying agent is arginine.

30. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 29, wherein the tonicityagent is L-arginine HCl.

31. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 29, wherein arginine ispresent in the solution at a hypertonic level of from 200 mM to 300 mM.

32. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 17, wherein the solutioncomprises about 20 mM citrate and has a pH from about 5.5 to about 6.5.

33. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 32, wherein the solutionfurther comprises arginine at a concentration of about 200 mM.

34. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 18, wherein the solutioncomprises about 20 mM histidine and has a pH from about 5.5 to about6.5.

35. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 34, wherein the solutionfurther comprises arginine at a concentration of about 200 mM.

36. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-35 whereinthe solution further comprises a surfactant at a concentration fromabout 0.001% (w/v) and about 0.1% (w/v).

37. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 36, wherein thesurfactant is a nonionic surfactant.

38. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 37, wherein thesurfactant is a polysorbate or a poloxamer.

39. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 38, wherein thesurfactant is polysorbate 80.

40. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the formulation is stable when stored at between 2° C. and 8° C.for at least 6 months.

41. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the formulation is stable when stored at between 2° C. and 8° C.for at least 12 months.

42. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the viscosity is less than about 25 cP.

43. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the viscosity is less than about 20 cP.

44. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the viscosity is less than about 18 cP.

45. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the injection glide force of the formulation is about 25 Newtonor less when injected through a 27GA 1.25″ needle at room temperature.

46. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-39,wherein the injection glide force of the formulation is about 20 Newtonor less when injected through a 25GA 1″ needle at room temperature.

47. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

about 20 mM sodium citrate, about 200 mM L-arginine HCl, wherein theconcentration of the antibody in the formulation is from about 175 mg/mLto about 195 mg/mL, and wherein the viscosity is less than about 25 cP.

48. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 47, wherein theformulation further comprises from 0.001% w/v to 0.05% w/v polysorbate80.

49. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

about 20 mM L-histidine, about 200 mM L-arginine HCl, wherein theconcentration of the antibody in the formulation is from about 175 mg/mLto about 195 mg/mL, and wherein the viscosity is less than about 25 cP.

50. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 49, wherein theformulation further comprises from 0.001% w/v to 0.05% w/v polysorbate80.

51. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-50,wherein the formulation is sterile.

52. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-50,wherein the monoclonal antibody is a full length monoclonal antibody.

53. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 52, wherein the antibodyis a human IgG4 full length antibody.

54. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 53, wherein the IgG4comprises a mutation in the hinge region.

55. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-54,wherein the formulation does not include sucrose or sorbitol.

56. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-54,wherein the formulation does not include CaCl₂.

57. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-54,wherein the formulation does not include MgCl₂.

58. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-54,wherein the formulation does not include CaCl₂ and wherein theformulation does not include MgCl₂.

59. The pharmaceutical formulation of any of paragraphs 1-54, whereinthe formulation does not include a divalent cation additive.

60. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-59,wherein the concentration of the antibody is about 185 mg/mL.

61. The pharmaceutical formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-60,wherein the formulation further comprises a hyaluronidase enzyme in anamount effective to increase the dispersion and/or absorption of theantibody following subcutaneous administration.

62. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 61, wherein theformulation comprises from about 100 U/mL to about 20,000 U/mL of saidhyaluronidase enzyme.

63. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.08%w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration from about 150 mM to about 200 mM;

(c) sodium citrate at a concentration from about 10 mM to about 50 mM;and

(d) about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL of the antibody.

64 The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.08%w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration from about 150 mM to about 200 mM;

(c) L-histidine at a concentration from about 10 mM to about 50 mM; and

(d) about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL of the antibody.

65. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration of about 0.01 w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration of about 200 mM;

(c) sodium citrate at a concentration of about 20 mM; and

(d) about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL of the antibody.

66. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration of about 0.01% w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration of about 200 mM;

(c) L-histidine at a concentration of about 20 mM; and

(d) about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL of the antibody.

67. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration of about 0.01% w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration of about 200 mM;

(c) sodium citrate at a concentration of about 20 mM; and

(d) about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL of the antibody.

68. The pharmaceutical formulation of paragraph 1, wherein theformulation comprises:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration of about 0.01% w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration of about 200 mM;

(c) L-histidine at a concentration of about 20 mM; and

(d) about 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL of the antibody.

69. The pharmaceutical formulation of any of paragraphs 63 to 68 whereinthe formulation further comprises from about 100 U/mL to about 20,000U/mL of a hyaluronidase enzyme effective to increase the dispersionand/or absorption of the antibody following subcutaneous administration.

70. A stable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation suitable for parenteraladministration to a mammalian subject, the formulation consistingessentially of:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.08%w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration from about 150 mM to about 200 mM;

(c) sodium citrate at a concentration from about 10 mM to about 50 mM;and

(d) a monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof that specifically binds tohuman MASP-2 at a concentration of about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL,wherein said antibody or fragment thereof comprises (i) a heavy chainvariable region comprising CDR-H1, CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 of SEQ ID NO:2 and(ii) a light chain variable region comprising CDR-L1, CDR-L2 and CDR-L3of SEQ ID NO:3, or a variant thereof comprising a heavy chain variableregion having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chainvariable region having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:3;

wherein the formulation has a pH from about 5.0 to about 7.0, aviscosity of between 2 and 50 centipoise (cP), and wherein theformulation is stable when stored at between 2° C. and 8° C. for atleast one month.

71. A stable aqueous pharmaceutical formulation suitable for parenteraladministration to a mammalian subject, the formulation consistingessentially of:

(a) polysorbate 80 at a concentration from about 0.01 to about 0.08%w/v;

(b) L-arginine HCl at a concentration from about 150 mM to about 200 mM;

(c) L-histidine at a concentration from about 10 mM to about 50 mM; and

(d) a monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof that specifically binds tohuman MASP-2 at a concentration of about 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL,wherein said antibody or fragment thereof comprises (i) a heavy chainvariable region comprising CDR-H1, CDR-H2 and CDR-H3 of SEQ ID NO:2 and(ii) a light chain variable region comprising CDR-L1, CDR-L2 and CDR-L3of SEQ ID NO:3, or a variant thereof comprising a heavy chain variableregion having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chainvariable region having at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO:3;

wherein the formulation has a pH from about 5.0 to about 7.0, aviscosity of between 2 and 50 centipoise (cP), and wherein theformulation is stable when stored at between 2° C. and 8° C. for atleast one month.

72. The formulation of any of paragraphs 1-71 wherein the antibody orfragment thereof comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising theamino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and a light chain variableregion comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:3.

73. A sealed container containing a formulation according to any one ofparagraphs 1-72.

74. A subcutaneous administration device containing the formulation ofany one of paragraphs 1-72 therein.

75. A kit comprising a pre-filled container comprising thepharmaceutical formulation comprising the MASP-2 antibody of any ofparagraphs 1-72 and instructions for use of the formulation.

76. The kit of paragraph 75 wherein the pre-filled container is selectedfrom the group consisting of: a syringe, a pen injector, a sealed vial,an auto-injector and a pump device (e.g., an on-body patch pump or atethered pump).

77. A kit comprising:

(a) a first pre-filled container comprising the pharmaceuticalformulation comprising the MASP-2 antibody of any of paragraphs 1-60 orparagraphs 63-72;

(b) a second pre-filled container comprising an amount of hyaluronidaseenzyme effective to increase the dispersion and/or absorption of theMASP-2 antibody following subcutaneous administration; and

(c) instructions for use.

78. The kit of paragraph 77 wherein at least one of the first or secondpre-filled container(s) is selected from the group consisting of: asyringe, a pen injector, a sealed vial, an auto-injector and a pumpdevice (e.g., an on-body patch pump or a tethered pump).

79. A pharmaceutical unit dosage form suitable for parentaladministration to a human, comprising a formulation according to any ofparagraphs 1-72 in a suitable container.

80. A method of treating a subject suffering from a disease or disorderamenable to treatment with a MASP-2 inhibitory antibody comprisingadministering a formulation of any one of paragraphs 1-72 to the subjectin need thereof.

81. The method of paragraph 80, wherein the formulation is administeredsubcutaneously to the subject.

82. The method of paragraph 80, wherein the method further comprisesadministering to the subject a hyaluronidase enzyme in an amounteffective to increase the dispersion and/or absorption of the antibody.

83. The method of paragraph 82, wherein the hyaluronidase enzyme isadministered simultaneously with the formulation comprising the MASP-2inhibitory antibody.

84. The method of paragraph 82 or 83, wherein the formulation comprisesthe MASP-2 inhibitory antibody and the hyaluronidase enzyme.

85. The method of paragraph 82, wherein the hyaluronidase enzyme isadministered to the subject prior to the formulation comprising theMASP-2 inhibitory antibody.

86. The method of paragraph 82, wherein the hyaluronidase enzyme isadministered to the subject after the formulation comprising the MASP-2inhibitory antibody.

87 The method of paragraph 80, wherein the formulation is administeredvia a pre-filled syringe containing the formulation therein.

88. A method of inhibiting MASP-2 dependent complement activation in asubject suffering from, or at risk of developing, acomplement-associated disease or disorder comprising administering aformulation of any one of paragraphs 1-72 to the subject in needthereof.

89. The method of paragraph 88, wherein the formulation is administeredsubcutaneously to the subject.

90. The method of paragraph 79, wherein the formulation is administeredvia a pre-filled syringe containing the formulation therein.

91. The method of paragraph 88, wherein the subject is suffering from orat risk of developing a complement-associated disease or disorderselected from the group consisting of a thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA), a renal condition, an inflammatory reaction resulting from tissueor organ transplantation, an ischemia reperfusion injury, a complicationassociated with diabetes, a cardiovascular disease or disorder, aninflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, a pulmonary disorder, anophthalmic disease or disorder, and disseminated intravascularcoagulation.

92. The method of paragraph 91, wherein the thrombotic microangiopathyis atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS).

93. The method of paragraph 91, wherein the thrombotic microangiopathyis associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

94. The method of paragraph 91, wherein the renal condition is IgAnephropathy.

95. The method of paragraph 91, wherein the renal condition is lupusnephritis.

96. A method of inhibiting MASP-2 dependent complement activation in asubject suffering from, or at risk of developing, acomplement-associated disease or disorder comprising diluting aformulation of any one of paragraphs 1-72 into apharmaceutically-acceptable diluent and administering the dilutedformulation systemically to the subject in need thereof.

97. The method of paragraph 96, wherein the diluted formulation isadministered intravenously to the subject.

98. The method of paragraph 96, wherein the subject is suffering from orat risk of developing a complement-associated disease or disorderselected from the group consisting of a thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA), a renal condition, an inflammatory reaction resulting from tissueor organ transplantation, an ischemia reperfusion injury, a complicationassociated with diabetes, a cardiovascular disease or disorder, aninflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, a pulmonary disorder, anophthalmic disease or disorder, and disseminated intravascularcoagulation.

99. The method of paragraph 98, wherein the thrombotic microangiopathyis atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS).

100. The method of paragraph 98, wherein the thrombotic microangiopathyis associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

101. The method of paragraph 98, wherein the renal condition is IgAnephropathy.

102. The method of paragraph 98, wherein the renal condition is lupusnephritis.

103. A pharmaceutical composition for use in treating a patientsuffering from, or at risk for developing a MASP-2-dependentcomplement-associated disease or disorder, wherein the composition is asterile, single-use dosage form comprising from about 350 mg to about400 mg of MASP-2 inhibitory antibody, wherein the composition comprisesabout 1.8 mL to about 2.2 mL of a 185 mg/mL antibody formulation,wherein the antibody comprises (i) a heavy chain variable regioncomprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and (ii) alight chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forthin SEQ ID NO:3, and wherein the composition is stable when stored atbetween 2° C. and 8° C. for at least six months.

104. The composition of paragraph 103, wherein composition comprises abuffer system having a pH of 5.0 to 7.0.

105. The composition of paragraph 104, wherein the buffer systemcomprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agentselected from the group consisting of succinate, histidine and citrate.

106. The composition of paragraph 103, wherein the composition comprisesfrom 1.8 mL to 2.2 mL of a 185 mg/mL MASP-2 inhibitory antibodyformulation of any one of paragraphs 1-72.

107. The composition of any one of paragraphs 103-107, wherein theMASP-2 dependent complement-associated disease or disorder is aHUS.

108. The composition of any one of paragraphs 103-107, wherein theMASP-2 dependent complement-associated disease or disorder is HSCT-TMA.

109. The composition of any one of paragraphs 103-107, wherein theMASP-2 dependent complement-associated disease or disorder is IgAN.

110. The composition of any one of paragraphs 103-107, wherein theMASP-2 dependent complement-associated disease or disorder is LupusNephritis (LN).

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, it will be appreciated that various changes can be madetherein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property orprivilege is claimed are defined as follows:
 1. A method of treating asubject suffering from a MASP-2-dependent complement-associated diseaseor disorder comprising administering a liquid formulation the subject inneed thereof, wherein the liquid formulation comprises: (a) a buffersystem having a pH of 5.0 to 7.0, wherein the buffer system comprises atleast one pharmaceutically acceptable buffering agent-selected from thegroup consisting of citrate at a concentration of 10 mM to 50 mM andhistidine at a concentration of 10 mM to 50 mM; and (b) a-human IgG4monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to human MASP-2 at aconcentration of about 50 mg/mL to about 250 mg/mL, wherein saidantibody comprises (i) a heavy chain variable region comprising theamino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 and (ii) a light chainvariable region comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ IDNO:3; and (c) L-arginine or L-arginine HCl at a concentration from 200mM to 300 mM in the amount sufficient for the formulation to behypertonic; and (d) a nonionic surfactant selected from a polysorbate ora poloxamer at a concentration of from 0.01% (w/v) to 0.1% (w/v).
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the antibody in theliquid formulation is from about 100 mg/mL to about 225 mg/mL, or fromabout 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL, or from about 175 mg/mL to about 195mg/mL.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid formulation has aviscosity of between 2 and 50 centipoise (cP) when measured at 25° C.with a shear rate in the range of 100,000 to 250,000 1/sec.
 4. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the at least one buffering agent is citratepresent in the liquid formulation at a concentration of 10 mM to 50 mM.5. The method of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is polysorbate
 80. 6.The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid formulation is stable whenstored between 2° C. and 8° C. for at least 12 months.
 7. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the liquid formulation comprises 20 mM sodium citrate,200 mM L-arginine HCl, and from 0.001% w/v to 0.05% w/v polysorbate 80,and wherein the concentration of the antibody in the formulation is fromabout 175 mg/mL to about 195 mg/mL.
 8. The method of claim 1, whereinthe liquid formulation consists essentially of: (a) polysorbate 80 at aconcentration from about 0.01 to about 0.08% w/v; (b) L-arginine HCl ata concentration from about 150 mM to about 200 mM; (c) sodium citrate ata concentration from about 10 mM to about 50 mM; and (d) the monoclonalantibody that specifically binds to human MASP-2 at a concentration ofabout 150 mg/mL to about 200 mg/mL.
 9. The method of claim 1, whereinthe concentration of the monoclonal antibody that specifically binds tohuman MASP-2 in the liquid formulation is from about 175 mg/mL to about195 mg/mL.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the monoclonal antibodythat specifically binds to human MASP-2 is a tetramer consisting of twoidentical heavy chains having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQID NO:4 and two identical light chains having the amino acid sequenceset forth in SEQ ID NO:5.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein theMASP-2-dependent complement-associated disease or disorder is selectedfrom the group consisting of a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), a renalcondition, an inflammatory reaction resulting from tissue or organtransplantation, an ischemia reperfusion injury, a complicationassociated with diabetes, a cardiovascular disease or disorder, aninflammatory gastrointestinal disorder, a pulmonary disorder, anophthalmic disease or disorder, and disseminated intravascularcoagulation.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the thromboticmicroangiopathy is atypical hemolytic syndrome (aHUS).
 13. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the thrombotic microangiopathy is associated withhematopoietic stem cell transplant.
 14. The method of claim 11, whereinthe renal condition is IgA nephropathy.
 15. The method of claim 11,wherein the renal condition is lupus nephritis.